mrw-cxx/mrw/stacktrace.cpp

/** @file

    $Id$

    $Date$
    $Author$

    @copy © Marc Wäckerlin
    @license LGPL, see file <a href="license.html">COPYING</a>

    $Log$
    Revision 1.5  2004/10/07 16:59:12  marc
    new method createSymtable that takes a list of arguments
     -> untested!

    Revision 1.4  2004/10/07 09:32:45  marc
    correction in parameter (const&)

    Revision 1.3  2004/08/28 16:21:25  marc
    mrw-c++-0.92 (mrw)
    - new file: version.cpp
    - new file header for all sources
    - work around warning in mrw::auto<T>
    - possibility to compile without log4cxx
    - work around bugs in demangle.h and libiberty.h
    - corrections in documentation
    - added simple tracing mechanism
    - more warnings
    - small corrections in Auto<>::Free and a new test for it
    - possibility to compile without stack trace

*/
#include <mrw/stacktrace.hpp>
#include <sstream>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <list>
#if defined(__solaris__)
#include <sys/old_procfs.h>
#endif
#if defined (__GLIBC__)
#include <execinfo.h>
#endif
#include <bfd.h>
extern "C" {

  /// @bug redefined in libiberty.h
# define HAVE_DECL_BASENAME 1
  /// @bug redefined in libiberty.h
# define HAVE_DECL_ASPRINTF 1
  /// @bug redefined in libiberty.h
# define HAVE_DECL_VASPRINTF 1
/** @bug

       - in file file: /usr/include/demangle.h
       - of package:   binutils-2.15.90.0.1.1-31

      An idiot unfortunately abused the C++ keyword @c typename as
      variable name to @c cplus_demangle_fill_builtin_type, so I have
      to work around it.
  */      
# define typename anotherNameThatsNotAKeyword
#   include <demangle.h>
# undef typename
//   // copied from demangle.h because of compiler warnings in libliberty.h
//   // (... throws different exception)
// #define DMGL_PARAMS	 (1 << 0)	/* Include function args */
// #define DMGL_ANSI	 (1 << 1)	/* Include const, volatile, etc */
//   /// @bug demangle.h includes libiberty.h which throws different
//   ///      exceptions for the same functions than other standard libraries,
//   ///      so I can't include demangle.h!
// extern char * cplus_demangle(const char *, int);
}
#include <iomanip>

namespace mrw {

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  std::string demangle(bfd* abfd, const char* name) {
    if (bfd_get_symbol_leading_char(abfd) == name[0]) ++name;
    
    /* This is a hack for better error reporting on XCOFF, PowerPC64-ELF
       or the MS PE format.  These formats have a number of leading '.'s
       on at least some symbols, so we remove all dots to avoid
       confusing the demangler.  */
    const char* p(name);
    while (p && *p == '.') ++p;
    
    Auto<char*>::Free res(cplus_demangle(p, DMGL_ANSI | DMGL_PARAMS));
    if (res) {
      /* Now put back any stripped dots.  */
      if (p==name) return static_cast<const char*>(res);
      std::string add_dots('.', p-name);
      return add_dots+=static_cast<const char*>(res);
    }
    return name;
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  StackTrace::StackTrace() throw(std::bad_exception) {
    // maximum trace level is limited here to 50, see below why
#   if defined(__GLIBC__)
    {
      const int TRACE_LEVEL(50);
      void* ba[TRACE_LEVEL];
      for (int n(backtrace(ba, TRACE_LEVEL)), i(0); i<n; ++i)
        _trace.push_back(ba[i]);
    }
#   elif defined(__GNUG__)
    {
#     define push(i) \
        (__builtin_return_address(i) ? \
         (_trace.push_back(__builtin_return_address(i)), true) : false)
      push(0) && push(1) && push(2) && push(3) && push(4) && push(5) &&
        push(6) && push(7) && push(8) && push(9) && push(10) && push(11) &&
        push(12) && push(13) && push(14) && push(15) && push(16) && push(17)
        && push(18) && push(19) && push(20) && push(21) && push(22) &&
        push(23) && push(24) && push(25) && push(26) && push(27) && push(28)
        && push(29) && push(30) && push(31) && push(32) && push(33) &&
        push(34) && push(35) && push(36) && push(37) && push(38) && push(39)
        && push(40) && push(41) && push(42) && push(43) && push(44) &&
        push(45) && push(46) && push(47) && push(48) && push(49);
#     undef push
    }
#   else
#     warning "You need GNU gcc or GNU glibc to be able to use mrw::StackTrace"
#   endif
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  StackTrace::operator std::string() const throw(std::bad_exception) {
    static const double LN10(log(10));
    std::stringstream s;
    bool first(true);
    unsigned int lisz(0), fisz(0);
    std::list<CodePos> l;
    for (AddressTrace::const_reverse_iterator it(_trace.rbegin());
         it!=_trace.rend(); ++it, first=false) {
      CodePos c(translate(*it));
      if (log(c.line+1)/LN10 > lisz) lisz = (unsigned int)(log(c.line+1)/LN10);
      if (c.file.size() > fisz) fisz = c.file.size();
      l.push_back(c);
    }
    for (std::list<CodePos>::iterator it(l.begin()); it!=l.end(); ++it)
      s<<"["<<it->address<<"] "
       <<it->file<<':'<<it->line
       <<std::setw(fisz+lisz-it->file.size()-
                   (unsigned int)(log(it->line+1)/LN10)-1)
       <<" "<<it->function<<std::endl;
    return s.str();
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  const StackTrace& StackTrace::print(std::ostream& os) const
    throw(std::bad_exception) {
    os<<(std::string)*this;
    return *this;
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  StackTrace::CodePos StackTrace::translate(void* addr)
    throw(std::bad_exception) {
    assert(sizeof(bfd_vma)>=sizeof(void*));
    bfd_vma vma_addr(reinterpret_cast<bfd_vma>(addr));
    if (!_dic.get()) return CodePos(addr, "????", "????", 0);
    std::vector<Translator::key_type>::iterator
      it(std::lower_bound(_addrs.begin(), _addrs.end(), vma_addr));
    if (it--==_addrs.begin() || *it > vma_addr ||
        (*_dic)[*it].first <= vma_addr) return CodePos(addr, "????", "????", 0);
    static const char* file(0);
    static const char* function(0);
    unsigned int line;
    if (!bfd_find_nearest_line(const_cast<bfd*>(static_cast<const bfd*>(_bfd)),
                               (*_dic)[*it].second, _syms.get(),
                               vma_addr-*it, &file, &function, &line))
      return CodePos(addr, "????", "????", 0);
    return CodePos(addr, mrw::demangle(_bfd, function), file?file:"????", line);
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  bool StackTrace::createSymtable(const std::string& fname)
    throw(std::bad_exception) {
    if (_dic.get()) return true;
    AutoBfd abfd(bfd_openr((fname!="" ? fname : filename()).c_str(), 0));
    long memsz(-1);
    Auto<char**>::Free m(0);
    if (!abfd || bfd_check_format(abfd, bfd_archive) ||
        !bfd_check_format_matches(abfd, bfd_object, &(m.getClean())) ||
        !(bfd_get_file_flags(const_cast<bfd*>(static_cast<const bfd*>(abfd)))
          &HAS_SYMS) ||
        (memsz=bfd_get_symtab_upper_bound
         (const_cast<bfd*>(static_cast<const bfd*>(abfd))))<0)
      return false;
    std::auto_ptr<asymbol*> syms(new asymbol*[memsz]);
    if (bfd_canonicalize_symtab(const_cast<bfd*>(static_cast<const bfd*>(abfd)),
                                syms.get())<0)
      return false;
    _bfd = abfd;
    _syms = syms;
    _dic = std::auto_ptr<Translator>(new Translator());
    bfd_map_over_sections(_bfd, buildSectionMap, 0);
    std::sort(_addrs.begin(), _addrs.end());
    return true;
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  bool StackTrace::createSymtable(const std::list<std::string>& fnames)
    throw(std::bad_exception) {
    if (_dic.get()) return true;
    for (std::list<std::string>::const_iterator it(fnames.begin());
         it!=fnames.end(); ++it) {
      AutoBfd abfd(bfd_openr(it->c_str(), 0));
      long memsz(-1);
      Auto<char**>::Free m(0);
      if (!abfd || bfd_check_format(abfd, bfd_archive) ||
          !bfd_check_format_matches(abfd, bfd_object, &(m.getClean())) ||
          !(bfd_get_file_flags(const_cast<bfd*>(static_cast<const bfd*>(abfd)))
            &HAS_SYMS) ||
          (memsz=bfd_get_symtab_upper_bound
           (const_cast<bfd*>(static_cast<const bfd*>(abfd))))<0)
        return false;
      std::auto_ptr<asymbol*> syms(new asymbol*[memsz]);
      if (bfd_canonicalize_symtab(const_cast<bfd*>(static_cast<const bfd*>(abfd)),
                                  syms.get())<0)
        return false;
      _bfd = abfd;
      _syms = syms;
      if (!_dic.get()) _dic = std::auto_ptr<Translator>(new Translator());
      bfd_map_over_sections(_bfd, buildSectionMap, 0);
    }
    std::sort(_addrs.begin(), _addrs.end());
    return true;
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  std::string StackTrace::filename() throw(std::bad_exception) {
    std::stringstream s;
    s<<"/proc/"<<getpid();
#   if defined(__solaris__)
    {
      std::string res;
      AutoFile fd(open(s.str().c_str(), O_RDONLY));
      prpsinfo_t status;
      if (fd==-1 || ioctl(fd, PIOCPSINFO, &status)==-1) return res;
      res = status.pr_psargs;
      res = res.substr(0, res.find(' '));
      return res;
    }
#   elif defined(__linux__)
    {
      s<<"/exe";
      return s.str();
    }
#   else
#     warning "Don't know how to get executable file name in your system!"
#     warning "Impossible to get function names in stack trace!"
#     warning "Give the path to the executable to StackTrace::createSymtable!"
#   endif 
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  void StackTrace::buildSectionMap(bfd* abfd, asection* section, void*)
    throw(std::bad_exception) {
    if (!abfd || !section) return;
    if (!(bfd_get_section_flags(abfd, section)&SEC_ALLOC)) return;
    bfd_vma vma(bfd_get_section_vma(abfd, section));
    bfd_size_type sz(bfd_get_section_size_before_reloc(section));
    (*_dic)[vma] = Translator::mapped_type(vma+sz, section);
    _addrs.push_back(vma);
  }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  std::auto_ptr<StackTrace::Translator> StackTrace::_dic;
  std::vector<StackTrace::Translator::key_type> StackTrace::_addrs;
  AutoBfd StackTrace::_bfd;
  std::auto_ptr<asymbol*> StackTrace::_syms;

}