diff --git a/configure.in b/configure.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5da78df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/configure.in
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+AC_INIT([mrw/mrw.hpp])
+PACKAGENAME=mrw-c++
+MAJOR=0
+MINOR=01
+SUPPORT=alfa
+AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE(@PACKAGENAME@, @MAJOR@.@MINOR@)
+
+# languages
+AC_LANG(C++)
+
+# programs
+AC_PROG_CXX
+AC_PROG_CPP
+AC_PROG_INSTALL
+AC_PROG_LN_S
+AC_PROG_MAKE_SET
+AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
+AC_CHECK_PROG(have_doxygen, doxygen, yes, no)
+AC_CHECK_PROG(have_dot, dot, yes, no)
+
+# libraries
+#AC_SEARCH_LIBS(demangle, iberty)
+#AC_SEARCH_LIBS(, bfd)
+
+# Arguments
+AM_MAINTAINER_MODE
+AC_ARG_ENABLE(dot,
+  [  --disable-dot         disable dot graphic tools for documentation],
+  [have_dot="$enableval"])
+test "$enableval" = "yes" && HAVE_DOT="YES" || HAVE_DOT="NO";
+
+# export macros
+AC_SUBST(HAVE_DOT)
+AC_SUBST(MAJOR)
+AC_SUBST(MINOR)
+AC_SUBST(SUPPORT)
+AC_SUBST(PACKAGENAME)
+
+# create output
+AC_CONFIG_FILES([makefile mrw/makefile mrw/doxyfile])
+
+# infos and warnings
+if test "$have_doxygen" = "no"; then
+AC_MSG_WARN([Missing program doxygen!
+  - you cannot rebuild the documentation with make doc
+  - there are precompiled derieved files in the distribution]); fi
+if test "$have_dot" = "no"; then
+AC_MSG_WARN([Missing program dot!
+  - when you rebild documentation with make doc, there are no generated images
+  - there are precompiled derieved files in the distribution]); fi
diff --git a/makefile.am b/makefile.am
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86da0ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/makefile.am
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+SUBDIRS = mrw
diff --git a/mrw/auto.cpp b/mrw/auto.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7de5c43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/auto.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#include <mrw/auto.hpp>
+#include <unistd.h> // close
+#include <sys/stat.h> // fstat
+#include <sys/mman.h> // mmap
+
+namespace mrw {
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  
+  AutoFile& AutoFile::reset(int fd) throw() {
+    if (_fd!=-1) close(_fd);
+    _fd = fd;
+    return *this;
+  }
+  
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  AutoMapper::AutoMapper(int fd, size_t sz, void* addr,
+                         int prot, int flags, off_t off) throw() {
+     if (!(_sz=sz)) {
+       struct stat st;
+       if (fd==-1 || fstat(fd, &st)==-1) {release(); return;}
+       _sz = st.st_size;
+     }
+     if ((_cont=mmap(addr, _sz, prot, flags, fd, off))==MAP_FAILED) release();
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  AutoMapper::~AutoMapper() throw() {
+    if (_cont && _sz) munmap(_cont, _sz);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/mrw/auto.hpp b/mrw/auto.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cab6f79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/auto.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+#ifndef __MRW_AUTO_HPP__
+#define __MRW_AUTO_HPP__
+
+#include <sys/types.h> // size_t
+#include <sys/mman.h> // PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED
+#include <bfd.h> // bfd*
+
+namespace mrw {
+
+  /** @defgroup AutoTools Classes for Automated Resource Handling
+
+      For pointers that have been allocated with @c new, you can use
+      std::auto_ptr to automatically free them when you leave the
+      context. Unfortunately there is no such thing for @c malloc
+      (except @c malloca that only works for a subset of problems: if
+      you and not a system call allocates memory), @c open and so on.
+      These classes can take over the resource ownership.
+  */
+  //@{
+  
+  /** @brief Automatically closes a file when destructed.
+
+      AutoFile works exactly like std::auto_ptr, but not for files
+      instead of pointers. Whenever the context of AutoFile is left,
+      the opened file is close. This way, resources are freed even in
+      case of exceptions.
+  */
+  class AutoFile {
+    public:
+      /// @brief Construct from an opened file.
+      /// @note Don't close @c fd
+      explicit AutoFile(int fd = -1) throw(): _fd(fd) {}
+      /// @brief Takeover ownership from another AutoFile.
+      AutoFile(AutoFile& o) throw(): _fd(o.release()) {}
+      /// @brief Closes file if open.
+      ~AutoFile() throw() {reset();}
+      /// @brief Assign new file descriptor.
+      /// The old file of @c this is closed if open.
+      AutoFile& operator=(int fd) throw() {return reset(fd);}
+      /// @brief Takeover ownership from another AutoFile.
+      /// The old file of @c this is closed if open.
+      AutoFile& operator=(AutoFile& other) throw() {
+        return reset(other.release());
+      }
+      /// @brief get the file descriptor @return file descriptor
+      operator const int() const throw() {
+        return _fd;
+      }
+      /// @brief Give away ownership of the file. @return old file descriptor
+      int release() throw() {
+        int ret(_fd); _fd=-1;
+        return ret;
+      }
+      /// @brief assign a new file descriptor
+      /** The old file of @c this is closed if open. */
+      AutoFile& reset(int = -1) throw();
+    private:
+      int _fd;                                    ///< the file descriptor
+  };
+
+  /** @brief Automatically call @c munmap for mmaped files on destruction.
+      
+      It's the same as std::auto_ptr, but for @c mmap instead of @c
+      new.  When the context of @c AutoMapper is left, @c munmap is
+      called.
+  */
+  class AutoMapper {
+    public:
+      AutoMapper(void* cont = 0, size_t sz = 0) throw():
+        _cont(cont), _sz(sz) {}
+      AutoMapper(int, size_t=0, void* = 0,
+                 int = PROT_READ, int = MAP_SHARED, off_t = 0) throw();
+      ~AutoMapper() throw();
+      operator const void*() const throw() {return _cont;}
+      AutoMapper& set(void* cont, size_t sz) throw() {
+        _cont=cont; _sz=sz;
+        return *this;
+      }
+      void* release() throw() {
+        void* ret(_cont); _cont=0; _sz=0;
+        return ret;
+      }
+      const void* last() const throw() {
+        return _cont && _sz ? (void*)((size_t)_cont+_sz-1) : 0;
+      }
+    private:
+      void* _cont;
+      size_t _sz;
+  };
+
+  /** @brief Automatically call @c bfd_close for @c bfd*.
+      
+      It acts like a @c std::auto_ptr, but for @c bfd*, that means it
+      calls @c bfd_close whenever the context is left.
+  */
+  class AutoBfd {
+    public:
+      AutoBfd(bfd* p=0) throw(): _bfd(p) {}
+      ~AutoBfd() throw() {if (_bfd) bfd_close(_bfd);}
+      AutoBfd& operator=(bfd* p) throw() {
+        release(); _bfd=p; return *this;
+      }
+      AutoBfd& operator=(AutoBfd& o) throw() {
+        release(); _bfd=o.release(); return *this;
+      }
+      operator bfd*() throw() {return _bfd;}
+      bfd* operator->() throw() {return _bfd;}
+      bfd* release() throw() {bfd* res(_bfd); _bfd = 0; return res;}
+    private:
+      bfd* _bfd;
+  };
+
+  /** @brief Automatically calls @c free for @c malloc allocated memory.
+
+      It works like a @c std::auto_ptr, but for memory that was
+      allocated with @c malloc, not @c new. Memory is freed, whenever
+      the context od @c AutoFree is left.
+  */
+  template <class T> class AutoFree {
+    public:
+      AutoFree(T* p=0) throw(): _p(p) {}
+      AutoFree(AutoFree& o) throw(): _p(o.release()) {}
+      ~AutoFree() throw() {if (_p) free(_p);}
+      AutoFree& operator=(T* p) throw() {
+        release(); _p=p; return *this;
+      }
+      AutoFree& operator=(AutoFree& o) throw() {
+        release(); _p=o.release(); return *this;
+      }
+      operator T*() {return _p;}
+      operator T**() {return &_p;}
+      operator bool() {return _p;}
+      T* release() throw() {T* r(_p); _p=0; return r;}
+    private:
+      T* _p;
+  };
+  //@}
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/mrw/auto_test.cpp b/mrw/auto_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0822b46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/auto_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#include <mrw/auto.hpp>
+#include <cppunit/TestFixture.h>
+#include <cppunit/ui/text/TestRunner.h>
+#include <cppunit/extensions/HelperMacros.h>
+#include <cppunit/extensions/TestFactoryRegistry.h>
+#include <fcntl.h> // open
+
+class AutoTest: public CppUnit::TestFixture { 
+public: 
+  void AutoFile() {
+    char c(0);
+    int i(-1);
+    {
+      mrw::AutoFile a;
+      CPPUNIT_ASSERT(a==-1); // init as -1
+      i = a = open("test.dat", O_RDONLY);
+      CPPUNIT_ASSERT(i==a && a>0); // file is now open
+      mrw::AutoFile b(a);
+      CPPUNIT_ASSERT(a==-1 && i==b); // b has taken ownership
+      CPPUNIT_ASSERT(read(b, &c, 1)==1 && c=='H'); // file is good
+      mrw::AutoFile c(i);
+      CPPUNIT_ASSERT(i==b && b==c); // ooops, two owner!
+      c.release();
+      CPPUNIT_ASSERT(i==b && c==-1); // it's ok now
+      b = open("test.dat", O_RDONLY);
+      //close(i);
+      CPPUNIT_ASSERT(read(i, &c, 1)==-1); // old file is closed
+      i = b.reset();
+      CPPUNIT_ASSERT(read(i, &c, 1)==-1); // new file is closed
+      i = a = open("test.dat", O_RDONLY);
+    }
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(read(i, &c, 1)==-1); // file is closed now
+  }
+  CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE(AutoTest);
+  CPPUNIT_TEST(AutoFile);
+  CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();
+};
+CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_REGISTRATION(AutoTest);
+
+int main() {
+  CppUnit::TextUi::TestRunner runner;
+  runner.addTest(CppUnit::TestFactoryRegistry::getRegistry().makeTest());
+  return runner.run() ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+static char* c = new char[100];
diff --git a/mrw/autostacktracestderr.cpp b/mrw/autostacktracestderr.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4cdd145
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/autostacktracestderr.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#include <mrw/stacktrace.hpp>
+#include <mrw/exception.hpp>
+#include <exception>
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace mrw {
+
+  /// @todo integrate it into the distribution and document it
+  void unexpected() {
+    std::cerr<<"UNEXPECTED EXCEPTION: ----------------------------"<<std::endl;
+    try {
+      throw;
+    } catch (const mrw::exception& x) {
+      StackTrace::createSymtable();
+      std::cerr<<"---------- Reason:"<<std::endl
+               <<x.what()<<std::endl
+               <<"---------- Stack:"<<std::endl
+               <<x.stacktrace()<<std::endl;
+    } catch (const std::exception& x) {
+      std::cerr<<"---------- Reason:"<<std::endl
+               <<x.what()<<std::endl
+               <<"---------- Stack:  **** not available ****"<<std::endl;
+    } catch (...) {
+      std::cerr<<"---------- Reason: **** not available ****"<<std::endl
+               <<"---------- Stack:  **** not available ****"<<std::endl;
+    }
+    std::cerr<<"-------------------------------------------------"<<std::endl;
+    throw std::bad_exception();
+  }
+
+  class AutoStackTrace {
+    public:
+    AutoStackTrace() {
+      std::set_unexpected(&mrw::unexpected);
+    }
+  };
+
+  // initialize stack traces (load symbols)
+  static AutoStackTrace _autoStackTrace;
+
+}
diff --git a/mrw/doxyfile.in b/mrw/doxyfile.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..644272a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/doxyfile.in
@@ -0,0 +1,1101 @@
+# Doxyfile 1.3.2
+
+# This file describes the settings to be used by the documentation system
+# doxygen (www.doxygen.org) for a project
+#
+# All text after a hash (#) is considered a comment and will be ignored
+# The format is:
+#       TAG = value [value, ...]
+# For lists items can also be appended using:
+#       TAG += value [value, ...]
+# Values that contain spaces should be placed between quotes (" ")
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# General configuration options
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# The PROJECT_NAME tag is a single word (or a sequence of words surrounded 
+# by quotes) that should identify the project.
+
+PROJECT_NAME           = "MRW C++ Library"
+
+# The PROJECT_NUMBER tag can be used to enter a project or revision number. 
+# This could be handy for archiving the generated documentation or 
+# if some version control system is used.
+
+PROJECT_NUMBER         = experimental
+
+# The OUTPUT_DIRECTORY tag is used to specify the (relative or absolute) 
+# base path where the generated documentation will be put. 
+# If a relative path is entered, it will be relative to the location 
+# where doxygen was started. If left blank the current directory will be used.
+
+OUTPUT_DIRECTORY       = doc
+
+# The OUTPUT_LANGUAGE tag is used to specify the language in which all 
+# documentation generated by doxygen is written. Doxygen will use this 
+# information to generate all constant output in the proper language. 
+# The default language is English, other supported languages are: 
+# Brazilian, Catalan, Chinese, Chinese-Traditional, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, 
+# Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Japanese-en 
+# (Japanese with English messages), Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, 
+# Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, and Ukrainian.
+
+OUTPUT_LANGUAGE        = English
+
+# This tag can be used to specify the encoding used in the generated output. 
+# The encoding is not always determined by the language that is chosen, 
+# but also whether or not the output is meant for Windows or non-Windows users. 
+# In case there is a difference, setting the USE_WINDOWS_ENCODING tag to YES 
+# forces the Windows encoding (this is the default for the Windows binary), 
+# whereas setting the tag to NO uses a Unix-style encoding (the default for 
+# all platforms other than Windows).
+
+USE_WINDOWS_ENCODING   = NO
+
+# If the EXTRACT_ALL tag is set to YES doxygen will assume all entities in 
+# documentation are documented, even if no documentation was available. 
+# Private class members and static file members will be hidden unless 
+# the EXTRACT_PRIVATE and EXTRACT_STATIC tags are set to YES
+
+EXTRACT_ALL            = NO
+
+# If the EXTRACT_PRIVATE tag is set to YES all private members of a class 
+# will be included in the documentation.
+
+EXTRACT_PRIVATE        = NO
+
+# If the EXTRACT_STATIC tag is set to YES all static members of a file 
+# will be included in the documentation.
+
+EXTRACT_STATIC         = NO
+
+# If the EXTRACT_LOCAL_CLASSES tag is set to YES classes (and structs) 
+# defined locally in source files will be included in the documentation. 
+# If set to NO only classes defined in header files are included.
+
+EXTRACT_LOCAL_CLASSES  = NO
+
+# If the HIDE_UNDOC_MEMBERS tag is set to YES, Doxygen will hide all 
+# undocumented members of documented classes, files or namespaces. 
+# If set to NO (the default) these members will be included in the 
+# various overviews, but no documentation section is generated. 
+# This option has no effect if EXTRACT_ALL is enabled.
+
+HIDE_UNDOC_MEMBERS     = NO
+
+# If the HIDE_UNDOC_CLASSES tag is set to YES, Doxygen will hide all 
+# undocumented classes that are normally visible in the class hierarchy. 
+# If set to NO (the default) these classes will be included in the various 
+# overviews. This option has no effect if EXTRACT_ALL is enabled.
+
+HIDE_UNDOC_CLASSES     = NO
+
+# If the HIDE_FRIEND_COMPOUNDS tag is set to YES, Doxygen will hide all 
+# friend (class|struct|union) declarations. 
+# If set to NO (the default) these declarations will be included in the 
+# documentation.
+
+HIDE_FRIEND_COMPOUNDS  = NO
+
+# If the HIDE_IN_BODY_DOCS tag is set to YES, Doxygen will hide any 
+# documentation blocks found inside the body of a function. 
+# If set to NO (the default) these blocks will be appended to the 
+# function's detailed documentation block.
+
+HIDE_IN_BODY_DOCS      = NO
+
+# If the BRIEF_MEMBER_DESC tag is set to YES (the default) Doxygen will 
+# include brief member descriptions after the members that are listed in 
+# the file and class documentation (similar to JavaDoc). 
+# Set to NO to disable this.
+
+BRIEF_MEMBER_DESC      = YES
+
+# If the REPEAT_BRIEF tag is set to YES (the default) Doxygen will prepend 
+# the brief description of a member or function before the detailed description. 
+# Note: if both HIDE_UNDOC_MEMBERS and BRIEF_MEMBER_DESC are set to NO, the 
+# brief descriptions will be completely suppressed.
+
+REPEAT_BRIEF           = YES
+
+# If the ALWAYS_DETAILED_SEC and REPEAT_BRIEF tags are both set to YES then 
+# Doxygen will generate a detailed section even if there is only a brief 
+# description.
+
+ALWAYS_DETAILED_SEC    = NO
+
+# If the INLINE_INHERITED_MEMB tag is set to YES, doxygen will show all inherited 
+# members of a class in the documentation of that class as if those members were 
+# ordinary class members. Constructors, destructors and assignment operators of 
+# the base classes will not be shown.
+
+INLINE_INHERITED_MEMB  = NO
+
+# If the FULL_PATH_NAMES tag is set to YES then Doxygen will prepend the full 
+# path before files name in the file list and in the header files. If set 
+# to NO the shortest path that makes the file name unique will be used.
+
+FULL_PATH_NAMES        = YES
+
+# If the FULL_PATH_NAMES tag is set to YES then the STRIP_FROM_PATH tag 
+# can be used to strip a user-defined part of the path. Stripping is 
+# only done if one of the specified strings matches the left-hand part of 
+# the path. It is allowed to use relative paths in the argument list.
+
+STRIP_FROM_PATH        = ../
+
+# The INTERNAL_DOCS tag determines if documentation 
+# that is typed after a \internal command is included. If the tag is set 
+# to NO (the default) then the documentation will be excluded. 
+# Set it to YES to include the internal documentation.
+
+INTERNAL_DOCS          = NO
+
+# If the CASE_SENSE_NAMES tag is set to NO then Doxygen will only generate 
+# file names in lower-case letters. If set to YES upper-case letters are also 
+# allowed. This is useful if you have classes or files whose names only differ 
+# in case and if your file system supports case sensitive file names. Windows 
+# users are advised to set this option to NO.
+
+CASE_SENSE_NAMES       = YES
+
+# If the SHORT_NAMES tag is set to YES, doxygen will generate much shorter 
+# (but less readable) file names. This can be useful is your file systems 
+# doesn't support long names like on DOS, Mac, or CD-ROM.
+
+SHORT_NAMES            = NO
+
+# If the HIDE_SCOPE_NAMES tag is set to NO (the default) then Doxygen 
+# will show members with their full class and namespace scopes in the 
+# documentation. If set to YES the scope will be hidden.
+
+HIDE_SCOPE_NAMES       = NO
+
+# If the SHOW_INCLUDE_FILES tag is set to YES (the default) then Doxygen 
+# will put a list of the files that are included by a file in the documentation 
+# of that file.
+
+SHOW_INCLUDE_FILES     = YES
+
+# If the JAVADOC_AUTOBRIEF tag is set to YES then Doxygen 
+# will interpret the first line (until the first dot) of a JavaDoc-style 
+# comment as the brief description. If set to NO, the JavaDoc 
+# comments will behave just like the Qt-style comments (thus requiring an 
+# explict @brief command for a brief description.
+
+JAVADOC_AUTOBRIEF      = NO
+
+# The MULTILINE_CPP_IS_BRIEF tag can be set to YES to make Doxygen 
+# treat a multi-line C++ special comment block (i.e. a block of //! or /// 
+# comments) as a brief description. This used to be the default behaviour. 
+# The new default is to treat a multi-line C++ comment block as a detailed 
+# description. Set this tag to YES if you prefer the old behaviour instead.
+
+MULTILINE_CPP_IS_BRIEF = NO
+
+# If the DETAILS_AT_TOP tag is set to YES then Doxygen 
+# will output the detailed description near the top, like JavaDoc.
+# If set to NO, the detailed description appears after the member 
+# documentation.
+
+DETAILS_AT_TOP         = YES
+
+# If the INHERIT_DOCS tag is set to YES (the default) then an undocumented 
+# member inherits the documentation from any documented member that it 
+# reimplements.
+
+INHERIT_DOCS           = YES
+
+# If the INLINE_INFO tag is set to YES (the default) then a tag [inline] 
+# is inserted in the documentation for inline members.
+
+INLINE_INFO            = YES
+
+# If the SORT_MEMBER_DOCS tag is set to YES (the default) then doxygen 
+# will sort the (detailed) documentation of file and class members 
+# alphabetically by member name. If set to NO the members will appear in 
+# declaration order.
+
+SORT_MEMBER_DOCS       = YES
+
+# If member grouping is used in the documentation and the DISTRIBUTE_GROUP_DOC 
+# tag is set to YES, then doxygen will reuse the documentation of the first 
+# member in the group (if any) for the other members of the group. By default 
+# all members of a group must be documented explicitly.
+
+DISTRIBUTE_GROUP_DOC   = NO
+
+# The TAB_SIZE tag can be used to set the number of spaces in a tab. 
+# Doxygen uses this value to replace tabs by spaces in code fragments.
+
+TAB_SIZE               = 8
+
+# The GENERATE_TODOLIST tag can be used to enable (YES) or 
+# disable (NO) the todo list. This list is created by putting \todo 
+# commands in the documentation.
+
+GENERATE_TODOLIST      = YES
+
+# The GENERATE_TESTLIST tag can be used to enable (YES) or 
+# disable (NO) the test list. This list is created by putting \test 
+# commands in the documentation.
+
+GENERATE_TESTLIST      = YES
+
+# The GENERATE_BUGLIST tag can be used to enable (YES) or 
+# disable (NO) the bug list. This list is created by putting \bug 
+# commands in the documentation.
+
+GENERATE_BUGLIST       = YES
+
+# The GENERATE_DEPRECATEDLIST tag can be used to enable (YES) or 
+# disable (NO) the deprecated list. This list is created by putting 
+# \deprecated commands in the documentation.
+
+GENERATE_DEPRECATEDLIST= YES
+
+# This tag can be used to specify a number of aliases that acts 
+# as commands in the documentation. An alias has the form "name=value". 
+# For example adding "sideeffect=\par Side Effects:\n" will allow you to 
+# put the command \sideeffect (or @sideeffect) in the documentation, which 
+# will result in a user-defined paragraph with heading "Side Effects:". 
+# You can put \n's in the value part of an alias to insert newlines.
+
+ALIASES                = 
+
+# The ENABLED_SECTIONS tag can be used to enable conditional 
+# documentation sections, marked by \if sectionname ... \endif.
+
+ENABLED_SECTIONS       = 
+
+# The MAX_INITIALIZER_LINES tag determines the maximum number of lines 
+# the initial value of a variable or define consists of for it to appear in 
+# the documentation. If the initializer consists of more lines than specified 
+# here it will be hidden. Use a value of 0 to hide initializers completely. 
+# The appearance of the initializer of individual variables and defines in the 
+# documentation can be controlled using \showinitializer or \hideinitializer 
+# command in the documentation regardless of this setting.
+
+MAX_INITIALIZER_LINES  = 30
+
+# Set the OPTIMIZE_OUTPUT_FOR_C tag to YES if your project consists of C sources 
+# only. Doxygen will then generate output that is more tailored for C. 
+# For instance, some of the names that are used will be different. The list 
+# of all members will be omitted, etc.
+
+OPTIMIZE_OUTPUT_FOR_C  = NO
+
+# Set the OPTIMIZE_OUTPUT_JAVA tag to YES if your project consists of Java sources 
+# only. Doxygen will then generate output that is more tailored for Java. 
+# For instance, namespaces will be presented as packages, qualified scopes 
+# will look different, etc.
+
+OPTIMIZE_OUTPUT_JAVA   = NO
+
+# Set the SHOW_USED_FILES tag to NO to disable the list of files generated 
+# at the bottom of the documentation of classes and structs. If set to YES the 
+# list will mention the files that were used to generate the documentation.
+
+SHOW_USED_FILES        = YES
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# configuration options related to warning and progress messages
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# The QUIET tag can be used to turn on/off the messages that are generated 
+# by doxygen. Possible values are YES and NO. If left blank NO is used.
+
+QUIET                  = NO
+
+# The WARNINGS tag can be used to turn on/off the warning messages that are 
+# generated by doxygen. Possible values are YES and NO. If left blank 
+# NO is used.
+
+WARNINGS               = YES
+
+# If WARN_IF_UNDOCUMENTED is set to YES, then doxygen will generate warnings 
+# for undocumented members. If EXTRACT_ALL is set to YES then this flag will 
+# automatically be disabled.
+
+WARN_IF_UNDOCUMENTED   = NO
+
+# If WARN_IF_DOC_ERROR is set to YES, doxygen will generate warnings for 
+# potential errors in the documentation, such as not documenting some 
+# parameters in a documented function, or documenting parameters that 
+# don't exist or using markup commands wrongly.
+
+WARN_IF_DOC_ERROR      = YES
+
+# The WARN_FORMAT tag determines the format of the warning messages that 
+# doxygen can produce. The string should contain the $file, $line, and $text 
+# tags, which will be replaced by the file and line number from which the 
+# warning originated and the warning text.
+
+WARN_FORMAT            = "$file:$line: $text"
+
+# The WARN_LOGFILE tag can be used to specify a file to which warning 
+# and error messages should be written. If left blank the output is written 
+# to stderr.
+
+WARN_LOGFILE           = doxygen.errors
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# configuration options related to the input files
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# The INPUT tag can be used to specify the files and/or directories that contain 
+# documented source files. You may enter file names like "myfile.cpp" or 
+# directories like "/usr/src/myproject". Separate the files or directories 
+# with spaces.
+
+INPUT                  = ../mrw
+
+# If the value of the INPUT tag contains directories, you can use the 
+# FILE_PATTERNS tag to specify one or more wildcard pattern (like *.cpp 
+# and *.h) to filter out the source-files in the directories. If left 
+# blank the following patterns are tested: 
+# *.c *.cc *.cxx *.cpp *.c++ *.java *.ii *.ixx *.ipp *.i++ *.inl *.h *.hh *.hxx *.hpp 
+# *.h++ *.idl *.odl *.cs
+
+FILE_PATTERNS          = 
+
+# The RECURSIVE tag can be used to turn specify whether or not subdirectories 
+# should be searched for input files as well. Possible values are YES and NO. 
+# If left blank NO is used.
+
+RECURSIVE              = NO
+
+# The EXCLUDE tag can be used to specify files and/or directories that should 
+# excluded from the INPUT source files. This way you can easily exclude a 
+# subdirectory from a directory tree whose root is specified with the INPUT tag.
+
+EXCLUDE                = 
+
+# The EXCLUDE_SYMLINKS tag can be used select whether or not files or directories 
+# that are symbolic links (a Unix filesystem feature) are excluded from the input.
+
+EXCLUDE_SYMLINKS       = NO
+
+# If the value of the INPUT tag contains directories, you can use the 
+# EXCLUDE_PATTERNS tag to specify one or more wildcard patterns to exclude 
+# certain files from those directories.
+
+EXCLUDE_PATTERNS       = 
+
+# The EXAMPLE_PATH tag can be used to specify one or more files or 
+# directories that contain example code fragments that are included (see 
+# the \include command).
+
+EXAMPLE_PATH           = examples
+
+# If the value of the EXAMPLE_PATH tag contains directories, you can use the 
+# EXAMPLE_PATTERNS tag to specify one or more wildcard pattern (like *.cpp 
+# and *.h) to filter out the source-files in the directories. If left 
+# blank all files are included.
+
+EXAMPLE_PATTERNS       = 
+
+# If the EXAMPLE_RECURSIVE tag is set to YES then subdirectories will be 
+# searched for input files to be used with the \include or \dontinclude 
+# commands irrespective of the value of the RECURSIVE tag. 
+# Possible values are YES and NO. If left blank NO is used.
+
+EXAMPLE_RECURSIVE      = NO
+
+# The IMAGE_PATH tag can be used to specify one or more files or 
+# directories that contain image that are included in the documentation (see 
+# the \image command).
+
+IMAGE_PATH             = 
+
+# The INPUT_FILTER tag can be used to specify a program that doxygen should 
+# invoke to filter for each input file. Doxygen will invoke the filter program 
+# by executing (via popen()) the command <filter> <input-file>, where <filter> 
+# is the value of the INPUT_FILTER tag, and <input-file> is the name of an 
+# input file. Doxygen will then use the output that the filter program writes 
+# to standard output.
+
+INPUT_FILTER           = 
+
+# If the FILTER_SOURCE_FILES tag is set to YES, the input filter (if set using 
+# INPUT_FILTER) will be used to filter the input files when producing source 
+# files to browse (i.e. when SOURCE_BROWSER is set to YES).
+
+FILTER_SOURCE_FILES    = NO
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# configuration options related to source browsing
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# If the SOURCE_BROWSER tag is set to YES then a list of source files will 
+# be generated. Documented entities will be cross-referenced with these sources.
+
+SOURCE_BROWSER         = NO
+
+# Setting the INLINE_SOURCES tag to YES will include the body 
+# of functions and classes directly in the documentation.
+
+INLINE_SOURCES         = NO
+
+# Setting the STRIP_CODE_COMMENTS tag to YES (the default) will instruct 
+# doxygen to hide any special comment blocks from generated source code 
+# fragments. Normal C and C++ comments will always remain visible.
+
+STRIP_CODE_COMMENTS    = YES
+
+# If the REFERENCED_BY_RELATION tag is set to YES (the default) 
+# then for each documented function all documented 
+# functions referencing it will be listed.
+
+REFERENCED_BY_RELATION = YES
+
+# If the REFERENCES_RELATION tag is set to YES (the default) 
+# then for each documented function all documented entities 
+# called/used by that function will be listed.
+
+REFERENCES_RELATION    = YES
+
+# If the VERBATIM_HEADERS tag is set to YES (the default) then Doxygen 
+# will generate a verbatim copy of the header file for each class for 
+# which an include is specified. Set to NO to disable this.
+
+VERBATIM_HEADERS       = YES
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# configuration options related to the alphabetical class index
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# If the ALPHABETICAL_INDEX tag is set to YES, an alphabetical index 
+# of all compounds will be generated. Enable this if the project 
+# contains a lot of classes, structs, unions or interfaces.
+
+ALPHABETICAL_INDEX     = YES
+
+# If the alphabetical index is enabled (see ALPHABETICAL_INDEX) then 
+# the COLS_IN_ALPHA_INDEX tag can be used to specify the number of columns 
+# in which this list will be split (can be a number in the range [1..20])
+
+COLS_IN_ALPHA_INDEX    = 5
+
+# In case all classes in a project start with a common prefix, all 
+# classes will be put under the same header in the alphabetical index. 
+# The IGNORE_PREFIX tag can be used to specify one or more prefixes that 
+# should be ignored while generating the index headers.
+
+IGNORE_PREFIX          = 
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# configuration options related to the HTML output
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# If the GENERATE_HTML tag is set to YES (the default) Doxygen will 
+# generate HTML output.
+
+GENERATE_HTML          = YES
+
+# The HTML_OUTPUT tag is used to specify where the HTML docs will be put. 
+# If a relative path is entered the value of OUTPUT_DIRECTORY will be 
+# put in front of it. If left blank `html' will be used as the default path.
+
+HTML_OUTPUT            = html
+
+# The HTML_FILE_EXTENSION tag can be used to specify the file extension for 
+# each generated HTML page (for example: .htm,.php,.asp). If it is left blank 
+# doxygen will generate files with .html extension.
+
+HTML_FILE_EXTENSION    = .html
+
+# The HTML_HEADER tag can be used to specify a personal HTML header for 
+# each generated HTML page. If it is left blank doxygen will generate a 
+# standard header.
+
+HTML_HEADER            = 
+
+# The HTML_FOOTER tag can be used to specify a personal HTML footer for 
+# each generated HTML page. If it is left blank doxygen will generate a 
+# standard footer.
+
+HTML_FOOTER            = 
+
+# The HTML_STYLESHEET tag can be used to specify a user-defined cascading 
+# style sheet that is used by each HTML page. It can be used to 
+# fine-tune the look of the HTML output. If the tag is left blank doxygen 
+# will generate a default style sheet
+
+HTML_STYLESHEET        = 
+
+# If the HTML_ALIGN_MEMBERS tag is set to YES, the members of classes, 
+# files or namespaces will be aligned in HTML using tables. If set to 
+# NO a bullet list will be used.
+
+HTML_ALIGN_MEMBERS     = YES
+
+# If the GENERATE_HTMLHELP tag is set to YES, additional index files 
+# will be generated that can be used as input for tools like the 
+# Microsoft HTML help workshop to generate a compressed HTML help file (.chm) 
+# of the generated HTML documentation.
+
+GENERATE_HTMLHELP      = NO
+
+# If the GENERATE_HTMLHELP tag is set to YES, the CHM_FILE tag can 
+# be used to specify the file name of the resulting .chm file. You 
+# can add a path in front of the file if the result should not be 
+# written to the html output dir.
+
+CHM_FILE               = 
+
+# If the GENERATE_HTMLHELP tag is set to YES, the HHC_LOCATION tag can 
+# be used to specify the location (absolute path including file name) of 
+# the HTML help compiler (hhc.exe). If non-empty doxygen will try to run 
+# the HTML help compiler on the generated index.hhp.
+
+HHC_LOCATION           = 
+
+# If the GENERATE_HTMLHELP tag is set to YES, the GENERATE_CHI flag 
+# controls if a separate .chi index file is generated (YES) or that 
+# it should be included in the master .chm file (NO).
+
+GENERATE_CHI           = NO
+
+# If the GENERATE_HTMLHELP tag is set to YES, the BINARY_TOC flag 
+# controls whether a binary table of contents is generated (YES) or a 
+# normal table of contents (NO) in the .chm file.
+
+BINARY_TOC             = NO
+
+# The TOC_EXPAND flag can be set to YES to add extra items for group members 
+# to the contents of the HTML help documentation and to the tree view.
+
+TOC_EXPAND             = NO
+
+# The DISABLE_INDEX tag can be used to turn on/off the condensed index at 
+# top of each HTML page. The value NO (the default) enables the index and 
+# the value YES disables it.
+
+DISABLE_INDEX          = NO
+
+# This tag can be used to set the number of enum values (range [1..20]) 
+# that doxygen will group on one line in the generated HTML documentation.
+
+ENUM_VALUES_PER_LINE   = 4
+
+# If the GENERATE_TREEVIEW tag is set to YES, a side panel will be
+# generated containing a tree-like index structure (just like the one that 
+# is generated for HTML Help). For this to work a browser that supports 
+# JavaScript, DHTML, CSS and frames is required (for instance Mozilla 1.0+, 
+# Netscape 6.0+, Internet explorer 5.0+, or Konqueror). Windows users are 
+# probably better off using the HTML help feature.
+
+GENERATE_TREEVIEW      = NO
+
+# If the treeview is enabled (see GENERATE_TREEVIEW) then this tag can be 
+# used to set the initial width (in pixels) of the frame in which the tree 
+# is shown.
+
+TREEVIEW_WIDTH         = 250
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# configuration options related to the LaTeX output
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# If the GENERATE_LATEX tag is set to YES (the default) Doxygen will 
+# generate Latex output.
+
+GENERATE_LATEX         = NO
+
+# The LATEX_OUTPUT tag is used to specify where the LaTeX docs will be put. 
+# If a relative path is entered the value of OUTPUT_DIRECTORY will be 
+# put in front of it. If left blank `latex' will be used as the default path.
+
+LATEX_OUTPUT           = latex
+
+# The LATEX_CMD_NAME tag can be used to specify the LaTeX command name to be 
+# invoked. If left blank `latex' will be used as the default command name.
+
+LATEX_CMD_NAME         = latex
+
+# The MAKEINDEX_CMD_NAME tag can be used to specify the command name to 
+# generate index for LaTeX. If left blank `makeindex' will be used as the 
+# default command name.
+
+MAKEINDEX_CMD_NAME     = makeindex
+
+# If the COMPACT_LATEX tag is set to YES Doxygen generates more compact 
+# LaTeX documents. This may be useful for small projects and may help to 
+# save some trees in general.
+
+COMPACT_LATEX          = NO
+
+# The PAPER_TYPE tag can be used to set the paper type that is used 
+# by the printer. Possible values are: a4, a4wide, letter, legal and 
+# executive. If left blank a4wide will be used.
+
+PAPER_TYPE             = a4wide
+
+# The EXTRA_PACKAGES tag can be to specify one or more names of LaTeX 
+# packages that should be included in the LaTeX output.
+
+EXTRA_PACKAGES         = 
+
+# The LATEX_HEADER tag can be used to specify a personal LaTeX header for 
+# the generated latex document. The header should contain everything until 
+# the first chapter. If it is left blank doxygen will generate a 
+# standard header. Notice: only use this tag if you know what you are doing!
+
+LATEX_HEADER           = 
+
+# If the PDF_HYPERLINKS tag is set to YES, the LaTeX that is generated 
+# is prepared for conversion to pdf (using ps2pdf). The pdf file will 
+# contain links (just like the HTML output) instead of page references 
+# This makes the output suitable for online browsing using a pdf viewer.
+
+PDF_HYPERLINKS         = NO
+
+# If the USE_PDFLATEX tag is set to YES, pdflatex will be used instead of 
+# plain latex in the generated Makefile. Set this option to YES to get a 
+# higher quality PDF documentation.
+
+USE_PDFLATEX           = NO
+
+# If the LATEX_BATCHMODE tag is set to YES, doxygen will add the \\batchmode. 
+# command to the generated LaTeX files. This will instruct LaTeX to keep 
+# running if errors occur, instead of asking the user for help. 
+# This option is also used when generating formulas in HTML.
+
+LATEX_BATCHMODE        = NO
+
+# If LATEX_HIDE_INDICES is set to YES then doxygen will not 
+# include the index chapters (such as File Index, Compound Index, etc.) 
+# in the output.
+
+LATEX_HIDE_INDICES     = NO
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# configuration options related to the RTF output
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# If the GENERATE_RTF tag is set to YES Doxygen will generate RTF output 
+# The RTF output is optimised for Word 97 and may not look very pretty with 
+# other RTF readers or editors.
+
+GENERATE_RTF           = NO
+
+# The RTF_OUTPUT tag is used to specify where the RTF docs will be put. 
+# If a relative path is entered the value of OUTPUT_DIRECTORY will be 
+# put in front of it. If left blank `rtf' will be used as the default path.
+
+RTF_OUTPUT             = rtf
+
+# If the COMPACT_RTF tag is set to YES Doxygen generates more compact 
+# RTF documents. This may be useful for small projects and may help to 
+# save some trees in general.
+
+COMPACT_RTF            = NO
+
+# If the RTF_HYPERLINKS tag is set to YES, the RTF that is generated 
+# will contain hyperlink fields. The RTF file will 
+# contain links (just like the HTML output) instead of page references. 
+# This makes the output suitable for online browsing using WORD or other 
+# programs which support those fields. 
+# Note: wordpad (write) and others do not support links.
+
+RTF_HYPERLINKS         = NO
+
+# Load stylesheet definitions from file. Syntax is similar to doxygen's 
+# config file, i.e. a series of assigments. You only have to provide 
+# replacements, missing definitions are set to their default value.
+
+RTF_STYLESHEET_FILE    = 
+
+# Set optional variables used in the generation of an rtf document. 
+# Syntax is similar to doxygen's config file.
+
+RTF_EXTENSIONS_FILE    = 
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# configuration options related to the man page output
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# If the GENERATE_MAN tag is set to YES (the default) Doxygen will 
+# generate man pages
+
+GENERATE_MAN           = NO
+
+# The MAN_OUTPUT tag is used to specify where the man pages will be put. 
+# If a relative path is entered the value of OUTPUT_DIRECTORY will be 
+# put in front of it. If left blank `man' will be used as the default path.
+
+MAN_OUTPUT             = man
+
+# The MAN_EXTENSION tag determines the extension that is added to 
+# the generated man pages (default is the subroutine's section .3)
+
+MAN_EXTENSION          = .3
+
+# If the MAN_LINKS tag is set to YES and Doxygen generates man output, 
+# then it will generate one additional man file for each entity 
+# documented in the real man page(s). These additional files 
+# only source the real man page, but without them the man command 
+# would be unable to find the correct page. The default is NO.
+
+MAN_LINKS              = NO
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# configuration options related to the XML output
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# If the GENERATE_XML tag is set to YES Doxygen will 
+# generate an XML file that captures the structure of 
+# the code including all documentation. Note that this 
+# feature is still experimental and incomplete at the 
+# moment.
+
+GENERATE_XML           = NO
+
+# The XML_OUTPUT tag is used to specify where the XML pages will be put. 
+# If a relative path is entered the value of OUTPUT_DIRECTORY will be 
+# put in front of it. If left blank `xml' will be used as the default path.
+
+XML_OUTPUT             = xml
+
+# The XML_SCHEMA tag can be used to specify an XML schema, 
+# which can be used by a validating XML parser to check the 
+# syntax of the XML files.
+
+XML_SCHEMA             = 
+
+# The XML_DTD tag can be used to specify an XML DTD, 
+# which can be used by a validating XML parser to check the 
+# syntax of the XML files.
+
+XML_DTD                = 
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# configuration options for the AutoGen Definitions output
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# If the GENERATE_AUTOGEN_DEF tag is set to YES Doxygen will 
+# generate an AutoGen Definitions (see autogen.sf.net) file 
+# that captures the structure of the code including all 
+# documentation. Note that this feature is still experimental 
+# and incomplete at the moment.
+
+GENERATE_AUTOGEN_DEF   = NO
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# configuration options related to the Perl module output
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# If the GENERATE_PERLMOD tag is set to YES Doxygen will 
+# generate a Perl module file that captures the structure of 
+# the code including all documentation. Note that this 
+# feature is still experimental and incomplete at the 
+# moment.
+
+GENERATE_PERLMOD       = NO
+
+# If the PERLMOD_LATEX tag is set to YES Doxygen will generate 
+# the necessary Makefile rules, Perl scripts and LaTeX code to be able 
+# to generate PDF and DVI output from the Perl module output.
+
+PERLMOD_LATEX          = NO
+
+# If the PERLMOD_PRETTY tag is set to YES the Perl module output will be 
+# nicely formatted so it can be parsed by a human reader.  This is useful 
+# if you want to understand what is going on.  On the other hand, if this 
+# tag is set to NO the size of the Perl module output will be much smaller 
+# and Perl will parse it just the same.
+
+PERLMOD_PRETTY         = YES
+
+# The names of the make variables in the generated doxyrules.make file 
+# are prefixed with the string contained in PERLMOD_MAKEVAR_PREFIX. 
+# This is useful so different doxyrules.make files included by the same 
+# Makefile don't overwrite each other's variables.
+
+PERLMOD_MAKEVAR_PREFIX = 
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Configuration options related to the preprocessor   
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# If the ENABLE_PREPROCESSING tag is set to YES (the default) Doxygen will 
+# evaluate all C-preprocessor directives found in the sources and include 
+# files.
+
+ENABLE_PREPROCESSING   = YES
+
+# If the MACRO_EXPANSION tag is set to YES Doxygen will expand all macro 
+# names in the source code. If set to NO (the default) only conditional 
+# compilation will be performed. Macro expansion can be done in a controlled 
+# way by setting EXPAND_ONLY_PREDEF to YES.
+
+MACRO_EXPANSION        = NO
+
+# If the EXPAND_ONLY_PREDEF and MACRO_EXPANSION tags are both set to YES 
+# then the macro expansion is limited to the macros specified with the 
+# PREDEFINED and EXPAND_AS_PREDEFINED tags.
+
+EXPAND_ONLY_PREDEF     = NO
+
+# If the SEARCH_INCLUDES tag is set to YES (the default) the includes files 
+# in the INCLUDE_PATH (see below) will be search if a #include is found.
+
+SEARCH_INCLUDES        = YES
+
+# The INCLUDE_PATH tag can be used to specify one or more directories that 
+# contain include files that are not input files but should be processed by 
+# the preprocessor.
+
+INCLUDE_PATH           = 
+
+# You can use the INCLUDE_FILE_PATTERNS tag to specify one or more wildcard 
+# patterns (like *.h and *.hpp) to filter out the header-files in the 
+# directories. If left blank, the patterns specified with FILE_PATTERNS will 
+# be used.
+
+INCLUDE_FILE_PATTERNS  = 
+
+# The PREDEFINED tag can be used to specify one or more macro names that 
+# are defined before the preprocessor is started (similar to the -D option of 
+# gcc). The argument of the tag is a list of macros of the form: name 
+# or name=definition (no spaces). If the definition and the = are 
+# omitted =1 is assumed.
+
+PREDEFINED             = 
+
+# If the MACRO_EXPANSION and EXPAND_ONLY_PREDEF tags are set to YES then 
+# this tag can be used to specify a list of macro names that should be expanded. 
+# The macro definition that is found in the sources will be used. 
+# Use the PREDEFINED tag if you want to use a different macro definition.
+
+EXPAND_AS_DEFINED      = 
+
+# If the SKIP_FUNCTION_MACROS tag is set to YES (the default) then 
+# doxygen's preprocessor will remove all function-like macros that are alone 
+# on a line, have an all uppercase name, and do not end with a semicolon. Such 
+# function macros are typically used for boiler-plate code, and will confuse the 
+# parser if not removed.
+
+SKIP_FUNCTION_MACROS   = YES
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Configuration::addtions related to external references   
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# The TAGFILES option can be used to specify one or more tagfiles. 
+# Optionally an initial location of the external documentation 
+# can be added for each tagfile. The format of a tag file without 
+# this location is as follows: 
+#   TAGFILES = file1 file2 ... 
+# Adding location for the tag files is done as follows: 
+#   TAGFILES = file1=loc1 "file2 = loc2" ... 
+# where "loc1" and "loc2" can be relative or absolute paths or 
+# URLs. If a location is present for each tag, the installdox tool 
+# does not have to be run to correct the links.
+# Note that each tag file must have a unique name
+# (where the name does NOT include the path)
+# If a tag file is not located in the directory in which doxygen 
+# is run, you must also specify the path to the tagfile here.
+
+TAGFILES               = 
+
+# When a file name is specified after GENERATE_TAGFILE, doxygen will create 
+# a tag file that is based on the input files it reads.
+
+GENERATE_TAGFILE       = 
+
+# If the ALLEXTERNALS tag is set to YES all external classes will be listed 
+# in the class index. If set to NO only the inherited external classes 
+# will be listed.
+
+ALLEXTERNALS           = NO
+
+# If the EXTERNAL_GROUPS tag is set to YES all external groups will be listed 
+# in the modules index. If set to NO, only the current project's groups will 
+# be listed.
+
+EXTERNAL_GROUPS        = YES
+
+# The PERL_PATH should be the absolute path and name of the perl script 
+# interpreter (i.e. the result of `which perl').
+
+PERL_PATH              = /usr/bin/perl
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Configuration options related to the dot tool   
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# If the CLASS_DIAGRAMS tag is set to YES (the default) Doxygen will 
+# generate a inheritance diagram (in HTML, RTF and LaTeX) for classes with base or 
+# super classes. Setting the tag to NO turns the diagrams off. Note that this 
+# option is superceded by the HAVE_DOT option below. This is only a fallback. It is 
+# recommended to install and use dot, since it yields more powerful graphs.
+
+CLASS_DIAGRAMS         = YES
+
+# If set to YES, the inheritance and collaboration graphs will hide 
+# inheritance and usage relations if the target is undocumented 
+# or is not a class.
+
+HIDE_UNDOC_RELATIONS   = NO
+
+# If you set the HAVE_DOT tag to YES then doxygen will assume the dot tool is 
+# available from the path. This tool is part of Graphviz, a graph visualization 
+# toolkit from AT&T and Lucent Bell Labs. The other options in this section 
+# have no effect if this option is set to NO (the default)
+
+HAVE_DOT               = @HAVE_DOT@
+
+# If the CLASS_GRAPH and HAVE_DOT tags are set to YES then doxygen 
+# will generate a graph for each documented class showing the direct and 
+# indirect inheritance relations. Setting this tag to YES will force the 
+# the CLASS_DIAGRAMS tag to NO.
+
+CLASS_GRAPH            = YES
+
+# If the COLLABORATION_GRAPH and HAVE_DOT tags are set to YES then doxygen 
+# will generate a graph for each documented class showing the direct and 
+# indirect implementation dependencies (inheritance, containment, and 
+# class references variables) of the class with other documented classes.
+
+COLLABORATION_GRAPH    = NO
+
+# If the UML_LOOK tag is set to YES doxygen will generate inheritance and 
+# colloborations diagrams in a style similiar to the OMG's Unified Modeling 
+# Language.
+
+UML_LOOK               = NO
+
+# If set to YES, the inheritance and collaboration graphs will show the 
+# relations between templates and their instances.
+
+TEMPLATE_RELATIONS     = YES
+
+# If the ENABLE_PREPROCESSING, SEARCH_INCLUDES, INCLUDE_GRAPH, and HAVE_DOT 
+# tags are set to YES then doxygen will generate a graph for each documented 
+# file showing the direct and indirect include dependencies of the file with 
+# other documented files.
+
+INCLUDE_GRAPH          = NO
+
+# If the ENABLE_PREPROCESSING, SEARCH_INCLUDES, INCLUDED_BY_GRAPH, and 
+# HAVE_DOT tags are set to YES then doxygen will generate a graph for each 
+# documented header file showing the documented files that directly or 
+# indirectly include this file.
+
+INCLUDED_BY_GRAPH      = NO
+
+# If the CALL_GRAPH and HAVE_DOT tags are set to YES then doxygen will 
+# generate a call dependency graph for every global function or class method. 
+# Note that enabling this option will significantly increase the time of a run. 
+# So in most cases it will be better to enable call graphs for selected 
+# functions only using the \callgraph command.
+
+CALL_GRAPH             = NO
+
+# If the GRAPHICAL_HIERARCHY and HAVE_DOT tags are set to YES then doxygen 
+# will graphical hierarchy of all classes instead of a textual one.
+
+GRAPHICAL_HIERARCHY    = YES
+
+# The DOT_IMAGE_FORMAT tag can be used to set the image format of the images 
+# generated by dot. Possible values are png, jpg, or gif
+# If left blank png will be used.
+
+DOT_IMAGE_FORMAT       = png
+
+# The tag DOT_PATH can be used to specify the path where the dot tool can be 
+# found. If left blank, it is assumed the dot tool can be found on the path.
+
+DOT_PATH               = 
+
+# The DOTFILE_DIRS tag can be used to specify one or more directories that 
+# contain dot files that are included in the documentation (see the 
+# \dotfile command).
+
+DOTFILE_DIRS           = 
+
+# The MAX_DOT_GRAPH_WIDTH tag can be used to set the maximum allowed width 
+# (in pixels) of the graphs generated by dot. If a graph becomes larger than 
+# this value, doxygen will try to truncate the graph, so that it fits within 
+# the specified constraint. Beware that most browsers cannot cope with very 
+# large images.
+
+MAX_DOT_GRAPH_WIDTH    = 800
+
+# The MAX_DOT_GRAPH_HEIGHT tag can be used to set the maximum allows height 
+# (in pixels) of the graphs generated by dot. If a graph becomes larger than 
+# this value, doxygen will try to truncate the graph, so that it fits within 
+# the specified constraint. Beware that most browsers cannot cope with very 
+# large images.
+
+MAX_DOT_GRAPH_HEIGHT   = 800
+
+# The MAX_DOT_GRAPH_DEPTH tag can be used to set the maximum depth of the 
+# graphs generated by dot. A depth value of 3 means that only nodes reachable 
+# from the root by following a path via at most 3 edges will be shown. Nodes that 
+# lay further from the root node will be omitted. Note that setting this option to 
+# 1 or 2 may greatly reduce the computation time needed for large code bases. Also 
+# note that a graph may be further truncated if the graph's image dimensions are 
+# not sufficient to fit the graph (see MAX_DOT_GRAPH_WIDTH and MAX_DOT_GRAPH_HEIGHT). 
+# If 0 is used for the depth value (the default), the graph is not depth-constrained.
+
+MAX_DOT_GRAPH_DEPTH    = 0
+
+# If the GENERATE_LEGEND tag is set to YES (the default) Doxygen will 
+# generate a legend page explaining the meaning of the various boxes and 
+# arrows in the dot generated graphs.
+
+GENERATE_LEGEND        = YES
+
+# If the DOT_CLEANUP tag is set to YES (the default) Doxygen will 
+# remove the intermediate dot files that are used to generate 
+# the various graphs.
+
+DOT_CLEANUP            = YES
+
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Configuration::addtions related to the search engine   
+#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# The SEARCHENGINE tag specifies whether or not a search engine should be 
+# used. If set to NO the values of all tags below this one will be ignored.
+
+SEARCHENGINE           = NO
+
+# The CGI_NAME tag should be the name of the CGI script that 
+# starts the search engine (doxysearch) with the correct parameters. 
+# A script with this name will be generated by doxygen.
+
+CGI_NAME               = search.cgi
+
+# The CGI_URL tag should be the absolute URL to the directory where the 
+# cgi binaries are located. See the documentation of your http daemon for 
+# details.
+
+CGI_URL                = 
+
+# The DOC_URL tag should be the absolute URL to the directory where the 
+# documentation is located. If left blank the absolute path to the 
+# documentation, with file:// prepended to it, will be used.
+
+DOC_URL                = 
+
+# The DOC_ABSPATH tag should be the absolute path to the directory where the 
+# documentation is located. If left blank the directory on the local machine 
+# will be used.
+
+DOC_ABSPATH            = 
+
+# The BIN_ABSPATH tag must point to the directory where the doxysearch binary 
+# is installed.
+
+BIN_ABSPATH            = /usr/local/bin/
+
+# The EXT_DOC_PATHS tag can be used to specify one or more paths to 
+# documentation generated for other projects. This allows doxysearch to search 
+# the documentation for these projects as well.
+
+EXT_DOC_PATHS          = 
diff --git a/mrw/exception.cpp b/mrw/exception.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ded4a55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/exception.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include <mrw/exception.hpp>
+#include <mrw/stacktrace.hpp>
+
+namespace mrw {
+  exception::exception() throw(std::bad_exception):
+    _stacktrace(new StackTrace) {
+  }
+  exception::~exception() throw() {
+    delete _stacktrace;
+  }
+  const std::string& exception::stacktrace() const throw(std::bad_exception) {
+    static const std::string st(*_stacktrace);
+    return st;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/mrw/exception.hpp b/mrw/exception.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..403279c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/exception.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+#ifndef __MRW_EXCEPTION_HPP__
+#define __MRW_EXCEPTION_HPP__
+
+#include <exception>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace mrw {
+
+  class StackTrace;
+
+  /** @addtogroup StackTrace
+
+      @section exc Exception Handling with Stack Trace
+
+      One of the main reasons for the mrw::StackTrace class is, to be
+      able to store a trace where an exception is thrown. This trace
+      is then stored as exception information, but not yet evaluated,
+      symbols are calculated only if necessary, upon request. So the
+      exception is still relatively cheap.
+
+      There is a class named mrw::exception that derieves from and
+      behaves as @c std::exception, but it stores a mrw::StackTrace on
+      construction and offers a method @c mrw::exception::stacktrace()
+      that returns a well formatted stack trace of the point, where
+      the exception was created.
+
+      @subsection excprob Common Problems with Exception Handling
+
+      Exceptions are very handy: When you have a problem, you throw an
+      exception and when you call a method and reach the next line,
+      everything was fine. You don't have to care about error handling
+      unless you are able to handle it. Otherwise you simply let pass
+      any exception up in the stack.
+
+      The big disadvantage is, when you catch an exception, you don't
+      know where it was thrown. That's the stack trace for. Another
+      problem is, the exception specification problem: When you don't
+      write exception specifications, you don't know what a specific
+      method throws. If you do write exception specifications, they
+      are not checked at compile time, but enforced at run time. If a
+      wrong exception is thrown, the program stops, calls an
+      unexpected handler that by default aborts the program. Since the
+      unexpected handler must not return, the problem cannot be
+      recovered from. But the unexpected handler can rethrow and catch
+      the bad exception and it is allowed to throw a new
+      exception. This is what my suggested exception handling concept
+      makes use of.
+
+      @subsection excsug Suggested Exception Handling Rules
+
+       -# derieve all your exceptions from mrw::exception
+       -# write exception specifications as follows:
+          - if any exception is thrown, specify @c throw(mrw::exception)
+          - if no exception is thrown, specify @c throw(std::bad_exception)
+       -# document the exact exception thrown with Doxygen's \@throw tag
+       -# write an unexpected handler as follows:
+
+      @code
+        void unexpectedHandler() {
+          try {
+            throw;
+          } catch (mrw::exception& x) {
+            // trace x.stacktrace() and x.what()
+          } catch (std::exception& x) {
+            // trace x.what()
+          } catch (...) {
+            // trace unknown unexpected
+          }
+          throw std::bad_exception(); // try to recover
+        }
+      @endcode
+
+      What happens:
+       - If you throw an exception in a method that declares not to
+         throw an exception, the unexpected handler is called.
+          - It writes a stack trace for you to be able to find your bug.
+          - Then it throws a @c std::bad_exception, which is allowed to pass.
+          - Your program does not abort, but continues running.
+          - If higher in the stack you catch the exception, you may be
+            able to recover.
+       - If you throw an exception where you are allowed to, you only need to
+         catch mrw::exception and you can access @c what() and @c stacktrace().
+
+       For a proof of concept refer to
+       @ref exceptionhandling.cpp "the example exceptionhandling.cpp".
+  */
+  //@{
+
+  /** @example exceptionhandling.cpp
+
+      It is possible to recover from an unexpected exception! A stack
+      trace helps you to find the source of a problem, here function
+      @c fn2() in file @c /privat/home/marc/pro/mrw-c++/mrw/test.cpp
+      on line @c 25. This example produces the following output:
+
+      @verbatim
+call fn0
+enter fn0
+enter fn1
+enter fn2
+UNEXPECTED:N3mrw9exceptionE
+---------------------------Stack:
+[0x8049e51] ../sysdeps/i386/elf/start.S:105  _start
+[0x401cfd3e] ????:0                           ????
+[0x804a3d0] examples/exceptionhandling.cpp:50 main
+[0x804a2a3] examples/exceptionhandling.cpp:38 fn0()
+[0x804a227] examples/exceptionhandling.cpp:32 fn1()
+[0x804a1c1] examples/exceptionhandling.cpp:25 fn2()
+[0x804fdda] ../mrw/exception.cpp:6           mrw::exception::exception()
+[0x804a8f5] ../mrw/stacktrace.cpp:54         mrw::StackTrace::StackTrace()
+---------------------------------
+EXCEPTION caught in fn0:St13bad_exception
+leave fn0
+call of fn0 successful
+      @endverbatim
+
+      Please note, that without the exception concept and without the
+      unexpected handler, the program would abort in function fn2 on
+      line 25. The output was produced by the following code:
+  */
+        
+  /** @brief replacement for @c std::exception, that collects a stack trace
+
+      This exception class behaves exactely like @c std::exception,
+      but it collects a stack trace in the constructor and offers a
+      method to return the formatted stack trace for logging.
+
+      It is recommended, to inherit all the exceptions you ever throw
+      from this class. This way you can always access the stack trace
+      if you run into troubles. It is fursther recommended, to write a
+      unexpected handler, that rethrows, catches this exception, then
+      throws a @c std::bad_exception to try to continue. This is the
+      reason, why all the exception specifications in the MRW C++
+      Library declar @c throw(std::bad_exception) instead of @c
+      throw(), when they throw nothing.
+
+      @code
+      namespace myProject {
+        void unexpectedHandler() {
+          try {
+            throw;
+          } catch (mrw::exception& x) {
+            // trace x.stacktrace() and x.what()
+          } catch (std::exception& x) {
+            // trace x.what()
+          } catch (...) {
+            // trace unknown unexpected
+          }
+          throw std::bad_exception(); // try to recover
+        }
+      }
+      int main() {
+        std::set_unexpected(&myProject::unexpectedHandler);
+        ...
+      }
+      @endcode
+   */
+  class exception: public std::exception {
+  public:
+    exception() throw(std::bad_exception);
+    virtual ~exception() throw();
+    const std::string& stacktrace() const throw(std::bad_exception);
+  private:
+    StackTrace* _stacktrace;
+  };
+
+  //@}
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/mrw/exec.cpp b/mrw/exec.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94acce6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/exec.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+#include <mrw/exec.hpp>
+#include <mrw/unistd.hpp>
+#include <sys/wait.h> // waitpid
+#include <unistd.h> // fork, exec
+#include <string.h>  // memcpy
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+mrw::ExecutionFailedExc::ExecutionFailedExc(const std::string& w,
+                                            const std::string& c)
+  throw(std::bad_exception):
+  _what(std::string("mrw::Exec: command execution failed\n")+
+        std::string("           failed command was: \""+c+"\"\n")+
+        std::string("           error was: \"")+w+'"') {
+  /**
+      @c what looks like:
+      @verbatim
+      mrw::Exec: command execution failed
+                 failed command was: "/bin/OOOOPS -v -q --crash"
+                 error was: "execution failed"
+      @endverbatim
+  */
+}
+
+mrw::Cmd::Cmd(const std::string& c) throw(std::bad_exception) {
+  _cmd.push_back(c);
+}
+
+mrw::Cmd& mrw::Cmd::operator,(const std::string& arg)
+  throw(std::bad_exception) {
+  _cmd.push_back(arg);
+  return *this;
+}
+
+mrw::Cmd& mrw::Cmd::operator<<(const std::string& arg)
+  throw(std::bad_exception) {
+  _cmd.push_back(arg);
+  return *this;
+}
+
+mrw::Cmd::operator std::string() const throw(std::bad_exception) {
+  ArgList::const_iterator it(_cmd.begin());
+  std::string c(*it);
+  while (++it!=_cmd.end()) c+=' '+*it;
+  return c;
+}
+
+mrw::Cmd::operator mrw::Exec() const throw(std::bad_exception) {
+  return mrw::Exec(*this);
+}
+
+mrw::Exec mrw::Cmd::execute(bool throwExc) const throw(mrw::exception) {
+  return mrw::Exec(*this).execute(throwExc);
+}
+
+const char* mrw::Cmd::path() const throw(std::bad_exception) {
+  return _cmd.front().c_str();
+}
+char** mrw::Cmd::args() const throw(std::bad_exception) {
+  if (_cmd.size()==0) return 0;
+  char** array = new char*[_cmd.size()+1];
+  int i(0);
+  for (ArgList::const_iterator it(_cmd.begin()); it!=_cmd.end(); ++it)
+    memcpy(array[i++]=new char[it->size()+1], it->c_str(), it->size()+1);
+  array[i] = 0;
+  return array;
+}
+
+mrw::Exec::Exec(const mrw::Cmd& c) throw(std::bad_exception):
+  _cmd(new mrw::Cmd(c)), _success(false) {
+}
+
+mrw::Exec::Exec(const mrw::Exec& e) throw(std::bad_exception):
+  _cmd(new mrw::Cmd(*e._cmd)),
+  _res(e._res), _err(e._err), _success(e._success) {
+}
+
+mrw::Exec::~Exec() throw() {
+  delete _cmd;
+}
+
+mrw::Exec& mrw::Exec::operator=(const mrw::Exec& e) throw(std::bad_exception) {
+  if (this==&e) return *this;
+  *_cmd=*e._cmd; _res=e._res; _err=e._err; _success=e._success;
+  return *this;
+}
+
+mrw::Exec& mrw::Exec::execute(bool throwExc) throw(mrw::exception) {
+  /** This method calls @c fork, sets up a pipe connection to pass @c
+      stdot and @c stderr from the child process to the parent process
+      using mrw::pipe and calls @c execvp to execute the program. */
+  _success = false;
+  _res = _err = "";
+  mrw::pipe stdout, stderr;
+  if (!stdout || !stderr)
+    throw mrw::ExecutionFailedExc("cannot create pipe", *_cmd);
+  pid_t pid(fork());
+  if (pid<0)
+    throw ExecutionFailedExc("cannot fork", *_cmd);
+  if (pid) { // parent
+    stdout.close_out();
+    stderr.close_out();
+    if (!stdout || !stderr)
+      throw ExecutionFailedExc("cannot close pipe", *_cmd);
+    int num1(0), num2(0);
+    for (char buf1[4096], buf2[4096];
+         (num1=read(stdout.istream(), buf1, sizeof(buf1)))>0 ||
+           num1==-1 && errno==EINTR ||
+           (num2=read(stderr.istream(), buf2, sizeof(buf2)))>0 ||
+           num2==-1 && errno==EINTR;
+         _res += std::string(buf1, num1), _err += std::string(buf2, num2));
+    if (num1==-1 || num2==-1)
+      throw ExecutionFailedExc("cannot_ read pipe", *_cmd);
+    // wait for child to get return code
+    int s(0);
+    if (waitpid(pid, &s, 0)!=pid || WIFEXITED(s)!=0 && WEXITSTATUS(s)!=0) {
+      if (throwExc) {
+        throw ExecutionFailedExc("execution failed", *_cmd);
+      } else {
+        _success = false;
+        return *this;
+      }
+    }
+  } else { // child
+    stdout.close_in();
+    stderr.close_in();
+    stdout.connect_cout();
+    stderr.connect_cerr();
+    execvp(_cmd->path(), _cmd->args());
+    exit(1); // execute failed
+  }
+  _success = true;
+  return *this;
+}
+
+mrw::Exec& mrw::Exec::operator>>(std::string& res) throw(mrw::exception) {
+  execute();
+  res += _res;
+  return *this;
+}
+
+mrw::Exec::operator std::string&() throw(mrw::exception) {
+  if (!_success) execute();
+  return _res;
+}
+
+mrw::Exec::operator bool() throw(std::bad_exception) {
+  return _success;
+}
+
+std::string& mrw::Exec::result() throw(mrw::exception) {
+  if (!_success) execute();
+  return _res;
+}
+
+std::string& mrw::Exec::error() throw(mrw::exception) {
+  if (!_success) execute();
+  return _err;
+}
+
+bool mrw::Exec::success() throw(std::bad_exception) {
+  return _success;
+}
diff --git a/mrw/exec.hpp b/mrw/exec.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce81a90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/exec.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+#ifndef __MRW_EXEC_HPP__
+#define __MRW_EXEC_HPP__
+
+#include <string>
+#include <list>
+#include <mrw/exception.hpp>
+
+namespace mrw {
+
+  /** @defgroup CmdExec Execute UNIX Commands
+
+      There is no easy way to safely execute UNIX commands and to
+      return the output of the callee to the caller. @c system ist
+      first of all known to be unsafe, because it opens a shell, and
+      second there is no way to transfer the output back to the
+      caller. On the other hand, starting a new process with @c fork
+      and @c exec and passing the output of the callee to the caller
+      using pipes is quite complex and needs much more than one simple
+      line of code. This is the gap that is filled with this command
+      execution classes. There's a class for the command to be
+      executed and a class for the execution of the command.
+
+      Forking a subprocess and evaluating the result becomes so easy:
+
+      @code
+      try {
+        // execute the command: /bin/ls -l /tmp
+        mrw::Exec ls =
+          (mrw::Cmd("/bin/ls"), "-l", "/tmp").execute(false);
+        // evaluate the result
+        if (ls.success())
+          std::cout<<"Execution successful, result was:"<<std::endl;
+        else
+          std::cerr<<"Error in execution, error was:"<<std::endl;
+        std::cout<<ls.result()<<std::endl;
+        std::cerr<<ls.error()<<std::endl;
+      } catch (ExecutionFailedExc& x) {
+        // a fatal execution error occurred
+        // you can trace x.what() and x.stacktrace()
+      }
+      @endcode
+  */
+  //@{
+  
+  class Cmd;
+  
+  /** @brief Exception: Execution of command failed.
+
+      This exception is thrown, if the exection of a command in
+      mrw::Exec is failed. That means, it was not possible to fork or
+      to create the necessary pipes, or the command executing process
+      terminated with an error. In the last case, you can access the
+      error stream from @c stderr respectively @c cerr with method
+      mrw::Exec::error().
+  */
+  class ExecutionFailedExc: public mrw::exception {
+  public:
+    ExecutionFailedExc(const std::string&, const std::string&)
+      throw(std::bad_exception);
+    virtual ~ExecutionFailedExc() throw() {}
+    virtual const char* what() const throw() {return _what.c_str();}
+  private:
+    std::string _what;
+  };
+
+  /** @brief Execute a command in a new process.
+
+      This class handles the execution of a command in a new process
+      and returns the two streams @c cout and @cerr, also known as @c
+      stderr and @stdout.
+
+      There are different ways of usage for this class. A simple way,
+      one line of code, to get only the resulting stream (no error)
+      is:
+
+      @code
+      string stdout =
+        (mrw::Cmd("/bin/ls"), "-l", "/tmp").execute(false).result();
+      @endcode
+
+      If you need not only the resulting @c stdout stream, but also
+      the error stream @c stderr, then you need to store the result:
+
+      @code
+      mrw::Exec ls =
+        (mrw::Cmd("/bin/ls"), "-l", "/tmp").execute(false);
+      if (!ls) ...; // command termianted with error
+      // ls.result() contains stdout
+      // ls.error() contains stderr
+      @endcode
+
+      @note Please note that the command execution may throw an exception.
+  */
+  class Exec {
+  public:
+    
+    /** @brief Create an executor given a command.
+        Construction without passing a command is not possible. */
+    Exec(const mrw::Cmd&) throw(std::bad_exception);
+    
+    Exec(const mrw::Exec&) throw(std::bad_exception);
+    ~Exec() throw();
+    Exec& operator=(const mrw::Exec&) throw(std::bad_exception);
+    
+    /** @brief Execute the command.
+        
+        @param bool
+         - @c true throw an exception if return status is not zero
+         - @c false throw only an exception in case of a fatal error
+         
+        @throw ExecutionFailedExc is thrown if
+         - fork fails
+         - creation or setup of pipes failed
+         - if given parameter is @c true (the default) also if the
+           executed program terminates with an error
+    */
+    Exec& execute(bool=true) throw(mrw::exception);
+    
+    /** @brief Executes the command if not done, streams @c stdout into a string
+
+        If the command has not yet been executed successfully, it is
+        first executed, then the @c stdout output of the called
+        program is appended to the string.
+
+        @throw ExecutionFailedExc in case of any failure or if the
+        executed program does not return a zero exit status.
+    */
+    Exec& operator>>(std::string&) throw(mrw::exception);
+    
+    /** @brief Executes the command if not done, returns @c stdout as string
+
+        If the command has not yet been executed successfully, it is
+        first executed, then the @c stdout output of the called
+        program is returned.
+
+        @return @c stdout of the called program
+
+        @throw ExecutionFailedExc in case of any failure or if the
+        executed program does not return a zero exit status.
+    */
+    operator std::string&() throw(mrw::exception);
+
+    /** @return
+         - @c true if the last execution was successful
+         - @c false if the last execution failed or the command was
+           never executed
+    */
+    operator bool() throw(std::bad_exception);
+
+    /** @brief Executes the command if not done, returns @c stdout as string
+
+        If the command has not yet been executed successfully, it is
+        first executed, then the @c stdout output of the called
+        program is returned.
+
+        @return @c stdout of the called program
+
+        @throw ExecutionFailedExc in case of any failure or if the
+        executed program does not return a zero exit status.
+    */
+    std::string& result() throw(mrw::exception);
+
+    /** @brief Executes the command if not done, returns @c stderr as string
+
+        If the command has not yet been executed successfully, it is
+        first executed, then the @c stderr error output of the called
+        program is returned.
+
+        @return @c stderr of the called program
+
+        @throw ExecutionFailedExc in case of any failure or if the
+        executed program does not return a zero exit status.
+    */
+    std::string& error() throw(mrw::exception);
+    
+    /** @return
+         - @c true if the last execution was successful
+         - @c false if the last execution failed or the command was
+           never executed
+    */
+    bool success() throw(std::bad_exception);
+    
+  private:
+    Exec(); // no default constructor
+    mrw::Cmd* _cmd;
+    std::string _res, _err;
+    bool _success;
+  };
+
+  /** @brief A system command to be executed
+
+      This class is used in conjunction with mrw::Exec. It mus be
+      initialized with the command name, then the command parameters
+      are appended either with commas, or by streaming them into the
+      command, whatever you like.
+
+      You can stream the data into the class:
+
+      @code
+      mrw::Cmd ls("/bin/ls"); // the command to execute is: /bin/ls
+      ls<<"-l"<<"/tmp"; // the command is now: /bin/ls -l /tmp
+      @endcode
+
+      Or you can setup your command with commas:
+
+      @code
+      mrw::Cmd ls = (mrw::Cmd(/bin/ls), "-l", "/tmp");
+      @endcode
+  */
+  class Cmd {
+  public:
+    /** @brief Create a command given the name of the executable
+        @param std::string the name of the program to execute (no parameter)
+        @note There is no default constructor. */
+    Cmd(const std::string&) throw(std::bad_exception);
+
+    /** @brief Append a parameter to a command
+        @param std::string a parameter&nbsp;/ commandline argument
+        to append to the command */
+    Cmd& operator,(const std::string&) throw(std::bad_exception);
+    
+    /** @brief Append a parameter to a command
+        @param std::string a parameter&nbsp;/ commandline argument
+        to append to the command */
+    Cmd& operator<<(const std::string&) throw(std::bad_exception);
+
+    /** @return the command including parameter */
+    operator std::string() const throw(std::bad_exception);
+
+    /** @return a mrw::Exec that's constructed with this class */
+    operator Exec() const throw(std::bad_exception);
+
+    /** @brief Create a mrw::Exec and execute the command
+
+        Creates a mrw::Exec, executes the command, passes the flag to
+        mrw::Exec::execute() and returns the created mrw::Exec. The
+        result of the execution can be retrieved through the returned
+        mrw::Exec object: The methods mrw::Exec::success(),
+        mrw::Exec::result() and mrw::Exec::error() provide the
+        necessary information.
+        
+        @param bool
+         - @c true throw an exception if return status is not zero
+         - @c false throw only an exception in case of a fatal error
+
+        @return the mrw::Exec that has executed the command
+         
+        @throw ExecutionFailedExc is thrown if
+         - fork fails
+         - creation or setup of pipes failed
+         - if given parameter is @c true (the default) also if the
+           executed program terminates with an error
+    */
+    Exec execute(bool=true) const throw(mrw::exception);
+    
+  private:
+    friend class Exec; // is allowed to call path() and args()
+    Cmd(); // no default constructor
+    const char* path() const throw(std::bad_exception);
+    char** args() const throw(std::bad_exception);
+    typedef std::list<std::string> ArgList;
+    ArgList _cmd;
+  };
+  //@}
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/mrw/exec_test.cpp b/mrw/exec_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2db1cb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/exec_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#include <mrw/exec.hpp>
+#include <mrw/stacktrace.hpp>
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main() {
+//   std::cout<<"RESULT: "
+//            <<(mrw::Cmd("/bin/ls"), "-l", "/tmp").execute().result()
+//            <<std::endl;
+  try {
+    std::cout<<"RESULT: "
+             <<(mrw::Cmd("/bin/false")).execute().result()
+             <<std::endl;
+  } catch (const mrw::exception &x) {
+    mrw::StackTrace::createSymtable();
+    std::cout<<"EXCEPTION: ----------------------------------------"<<std::endl
+             <<"---------- Reason:"<<std::endl
+             <<x.what()<<std::endl
+             <<"---------- Stack:"<<std::endl
+             <<x.stacktrace()<<std::endl
+             <<"---------------------------------------------------"<<std::endl;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/mrw/makefile.am b/mrw/makefile.am
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af9293a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/makefile.am
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+EXTRA_DIST = doc examples
+CLEANFILES = doxygen.err
+
+lib_LTLIBRARIES = libmrw.la libautostacktracestderr.la
+
+libmrw_la_SOURCES = mrw.hpp \
+                    auto.hpp auto.cpp unistd.hpp \
+		    stacktrace.hpp stacktrace.cpp exception.hpp \
+		    exec.hpp exec.cpp
+libmrw_la_LDFLAGS = -version-info @MAJOR@:@MINOR@:@SUPPORT@
+
+libautostacktracestderr_la_SOURCES = autostacktracestderr.cpp
+libautostacktracestderr_la_LDFLAGS = -version-info @MAJOR@:@MINOR@:@SUPPORT@
+
+
+doc: doc/html/index.html
+doc/html/index.html: doxyfile *.[ch]pp
+	doxygen doxyfile
diff --git a/mrw/mrw.hpp b/mrw/mrw.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b1439c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/mrw.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/** @mainpage
+
+    @section license License and Copyright
+
+     - All files are under GNU LGPL license.
+     - All files are copyrighted by Marc Wäckerlin.
+     - There is no warranty.
+     - For details, read the file LICENSE in your distribution.
+
+    @section intro Introduction
+
+    This library cares a about:
+     - resource management
+     - execution of UNIX sub processes
+     - stack trace
+     - exception handling
+
+    For details, see the modules page.
+
+    @section link Compile and Link Options
+
+    To be able to get the source file name&nbsp;/ line number
+    information in stack trace, you need the debug information compile
+    option @c -g. For compilation on Solaris, you may need the option
+    @c -D__solaris__. You must link to the MRW C++ Library. For this
+    you need the link option @c -lmrw.
+
+    @section download Download and Installation
+
+    Download the latest version from:
+     - http://marc.waeckerlin.org/c++/libmrw
+
+    Install it with:
+    
+    @verbatim
+    tar xzvf mrw-c++-<VERSION>.tar.gz
+    cd mrw-c++-<VERSION>
+    ./configure
+    make all check install
+    @endverbatim
+*/
diff --git a/mrw/stacktrace.cpp b/mrw/stacktrace.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fff72d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/stacktrace.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+#include <mrw/stacktrace.hpp>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <list>
+#if defined(__solaris__)
+#include <sys/old_procfs.h>
+#endif
+#if defined (__GLIBC__)
+#include <execinfo.h>
+#endif
+#include <bfd.h>
+extern "C" {
+#include <demangle.h>
+}
+#include <iomanip>
+
+namespace mrw {
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  std::string demangle(bfd* abfd, const char* name) {
+    if (bfd_get_symbol_leading_char(abfd) == name[0]) ++name;
+    
+    /* This is a hack for better error reporting on XCOFF, PowerPC64-ELF
+       or the MS PE format.  These formats have a number of leading '.'s
+       on at least some symbols, so we remove all dots to avoid
+       confusing the demangler.  */
+    const char* p (name);
+    while (p && *p == '.') ++p;
+    
+    mrw::AutoFree<char> res(cplus_demangle(p, DMGL_ANSI | DMGL_PARAMS));
+    if (res) {
+      /* Now put back any stripped dots.  */
+      if (p==name) return (char*)res;
+      std::string add_dots('.', p-name);
+      return add_dots+=(char*)res;
+    }
+    return name;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  StackTrace::StackTrace() throw(std::bad_exception) {
+    // maximum trace level is limited here to 50, see below why
+#   if defined(__GLIBC__)
+    {
+      const int TRACE_LEVEL(50);
+      void* ba[TRACE_LEVEL];
+      for (int n(backtrace(ba, TRACE_LEVEL)), i(0); i<n; ++i)
+        _trace.push_back(ba[i]);
+    }
+#   elif defined(__GNUG__)
+    {
+#     define push(i) \
+        (__builtin_return_address(i) ? \
+         (_trace.push_back(__builtin_return_address(i)), true) : false)
+      push(0) && push(1) && push(2) && push(3) && push(4) && push(5) &&
+        push(6) && push(7) && push(8) && push(9) && push(10) && push(11) &&
+        push(12) && push(13) && push(14) && push(15) && push(16) && push(17)
+        && push(18) && push(19) && push(20) && push(21) && push(22) &&
+        push(23) && push(24) && push(25) && push(26) && push(27) && push(28)
+        && push(29) && push(30) && push(31) && push(32) && push(33) &&
+        push(34) && push(35) && push(36) && push(37) && push(38) && push(39)
+        && push(40) && push(41) && push(42) && push(43) && push(44) &&
+        push(45) && push(46) && push(47) && push(48) && push(49);
+#     undef push
+    }
+#   else
+#     warning "You need GNU gcc or GNU glibc to be able to use mrw::StackTrace"
+#   endif
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  StackTrace::operator std::string() const throw(std::bad_exception) {
+    static const double LN10(log(10));
+    std::stringstream s;
+    bool first(true);
+    unsigned int lisz(0), fisz(0);
+    std::list<CodePos> l;
+    for (AddressTrace::const_reverse_iterator it(_trace.rbegin());
+         it!=_trace.rend(); ++it, first=false) {
+      CodePos c(translate(*it));
+      if (log(c.line+1)/LN10 > lisz) lisz = (unsigned int)(log(c.line+1)/LN10);
+      if (c.file.size() > fisz) fisz = c.file.size();
+      l.push_back(c);
+    }
+    for (std::list<CodePos>::iterator it(l.begin()); it!=l.end(); ++it)
+      s<<"["<<it->address<<"] "
+       <<it->file<<':'<<it->line
+       <<std::setw(fisz+lisz-it->file.size()-
+                   (unsigned int)(log(it->line+1)/LN10)-1)
+       <<" "<<it->function<<std::endl;
+    return s.str();
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  const StackTrace& StackTrace::print(std::ostream& os) const
+    throw(std::bad_exception) {
+    os<<(std::string)*this;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  StackTrace::CodePos StackTrace::translate(void* addr)
+    throw(std::bad_exception) {
+    assert(sizeof(bfd_vma)>=sizeof(void*));
+    bfd_vma vma_addr(reinterpret_cast<bfd_vma>(addr));
+    if (!_dic.get()) return CodePos(addr, "????", "????", 0);
+    std::vector<Translator::key_type>::iterator
+      it(std::lower_bound(_addrs.begin(), _addrs.end(), vma_addr));
+    if (it--==_addrs.begin() || *it > vma_addr ||
+        (*_dic)[*it].first <= vma_addr) return CodePos(addr, "????", "????", 0);
+    static const char* file(0);
+    static const char* function(0);
+    unsigned int line;
+    if (!bfd_find_nearest_line(_bfd, (*_dic)[*it].second, _syms.get(),
+                               vma_addr-*it, &file, &function, &line))
+      return CodePos(addr, "????", "????", 0);
+    return CodePos(addr, mrw::demangle(_bfd, function), file?file:"????", line);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  bool StackTrace::createSymtable(std::string fname) throw(std::bad_exception) {
+    if (_dic.get()) return true;
+    AutoBfd abfd(bfd_openr((fname!="" ? fname : filename()).c_str(), 0));
+    long memsz(-1);
+    AutoFree<char*> m(0);
+    if (!abfd || bfd_check_format(abfd, bfd_archive) ||
+        !bfd_check_format_matches(abfd, bfd_object, m) ||
+        !(bfd_get_file_flags(abfd)&HAS_SYMS) ||
+        (memsz=bfd_get_symtab_upper_bound(abfd))<0) return false;
+    std::auto_ptr<asymbol*> syms(new asymbol*[memsz]);
+    if (bfd_canonicalize_symtab(abfd, syms.get())<0) return false;
+    _bfd = abfd;
+    _syms = syms;
+    _dic = std::auto_ptr<Translator>(new Translator());
+    bfd_map_over_sections(_bfd, buildSectionMap, 0);
+    std::sort(_addrs.begin(), _addrs.end());
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  std::string StackTrace::filename() throw(std::bad_exception) {
+    std::stringstream s;
+    s<<"/proc/"<<getpid();
+#   if defined(__solaris__)
+    {
+      std::string res;
+      AutoFile fd(open(s.str().c_str(), O_RDONLY));
+      prpsinfo_t status;
+      if (fd==-1 || ioctl(fd, PIOCPSINFO, &status)==-1) return res;
+      res = status.pr_psargs;
+      res = res.substr(0, res.find(' '));
+      return res;
+    }
+#   elif defined(__linux__)
+    {
+      s<<"/exe";
+      return s.str();
+    }
+#   else
+#     warning "Don't know how to get executable file name in your system!"
+#     warning "Impossible to get function names in stack trace!"
+#     warning "Give the path to the executable to StackTrace::createSymtable!"
+#   endif 
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  void StackTrace::buildSectionMap(bfd* abfd, asection* section, void*)
+    throw(std::bad_exception) {
+    if (!(bfd_get_section_flags(abfd, section)&SEC_ALLOC)) return;
+    bfd_vma vma(bfd_get_section_vma(abfd, section));
+    bfd_size_type sz(bfd_get_section_size_before_reloc(section));
+    (*_dic)[vma] = Translator::mapped_type(vma+sz, section);
+    _addrs.push_back(vma);
+  }
+
+  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  std::auto_ptr<StackTrace::Translator> StackTrace::_dic;
+  std::vector<StackTrace::Translator::key_type> StackTrace::_addrs;
+  AutoBfd StackTrace::_bfd;
+  std::auto_ptr<asymbol*> StackTrace::_syms;
+
+}
diff --git a/mrw/stacktrace.hpp b/mrw/stacktrace.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb25aff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/stacktrace.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+// g++ -Wall -D__SOLARIS__ -g -I /home/public/freeware/include -L /home/public/freeware/lib -I . stacktrace.cxx -lbfd -liberty
+#ifndef __MRW_STACKTRACE_HPP__
+#define __MRW_STACKTRACE_HPP__
+#include <mrw/auto.hpp>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <memory>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <bfd.h>
+
+#ifdef __REENTRANT
+#warning "mrw::StackTrace is not thread safe yet!"
+#warning "It should work, but is at least untested..."
+#endif
+
+namespace mrw {
+
+  /** @defgroup StackTrace Collect and Format a Stack Trace
+
+      Somewhere in a program, there is a fatal error, e.g. an
+      unexpected exception is thrown. How is it possible to debug the
+      problem in such a case? Sometimes you can start a debugger and
+      trace the execution of your program. But what if it occurs only
+      once a week, or if you cannot set a breakpoint, because you
+      don't know where the problem is located, or because only the
+      1000th run of a method causes a problem, or what if the problem
+      occurs only at your customers installation?
+
+      One way to solve these problems is to do logging, or even
+      function tracing, so you can narrow down the lines of code,
+      where the problem occurs. But sometimes this is not enough,
+      especially with exceptions. One of the worst things with
+      exceptions is, you can catch an exception somewhere, but you
+      don't know where it was thrown. Here it is very handy, to be
+      able to write a stacktrace to a logging device.
+
+      For logging, I recommend log4cxx on page:
+       - http://logging.apache.org/log4cxx
+
+      These classes are for collecting a stack trace and later for
+      formatting with source code file name, line number and the
+      method name.
+
+      For collecting the stack trace (the addresses):
+       - either the GNU gcc compiler is required
+       - or the GNU glibc library function @c backtrace
+
+      For extracting information from an address, the ELF library is required.
+
+      @note For all features and full operation, this class requires:
+       - either a GNU glibc bases system (LINUX), or the GNU gcc compiler
+       - a system with ELF binaries (LINUX, Solaris, ...)
+       - debug information, compile option @c -g
+       - it must be linked with @c -libery and @c -lbfd
+  */
+  //@{
+
+  /** @brief store and print a stack trace of the actual position in code
+
+      In the constructor, a stack trace is stored, but not yet
+      evaluated. Therefore storing a stack trace is relatively
+      fast. The evaluation is done when the stack trace is printed on
+      a stream or converted to a string. "Evaluation" means, that the
+      addresses are mapped to the correspoding symbols, the method
+      names, sorce file names and line numbers are evaluated.
+
+      @note Method StackTrace::createSymtable must be called exactely
+      once, before evaluating the first stack trace.Best place is the
+      first line of the @c main function.
+
+      @note This class requires libbfd an libiberty. Debug information
+      is required for compiling. You nee the compile option @c -g, or
+      even better @c -ggdb3. To link, you need @c -lmrw, @c -lbfd and
+      @c -liberty.
+
+      @note The stack trace is known to work perfectly on Linux and
+      Solaris both with GNU gcc compiler. But it should work with the
+      GNU compiler on all systems, or wherever there is a glibc
+      library.
+
+      @note Symbol evaluation requires the ELF library and an ELF system.
+  */
+  class StackTrace {
+  public:
+      //............................................................... typedefs
+      typedef std::vector<void*> AddressTrace; ///< container for the adresses
+      /// structure to store all evaluated information
+      struct CodePos {
+          CodePos(void* a, std::string fn, std::string fi, unsigned int l)
+            throw(std::bad_exception):
+            address(a), function(fn), file(fi), line(l) {
+          }
+          void* address;        ///< the address pointer
+          std::string function; ///< function/method name
+          std::string file;     ///< code file name
+          unsigned int line;    ///< code line number
+      };
+      //................................................................ methods
+      /// the constructor stores the actual stack trace
+      StackTrace() throw(std::bad_exception);
+      /// evaluates the symbol table and returns the formatted stack trace
+      operator std::string() const throw(std::bad_exception);
+      /// @return list of raw stack addresses
+      operator const AddressTrace&() const throw(std::bad_exception) {
+        return _trace;
+      }
+      /// evaluate the stack trace and print it to a stream
+      const StackTrace& print(std::ostream& os) const throw(std::bad_exception);
+      /// evaluates and returns all information from a raw address
+      static CodePos translate(void* addr) throw(std::bad_exception);
+    
+      /** @brief read the symbol table from the executable file
+
+          @param std::string The file name of the executable. On Linux
+          and Solaris, this can be evaluated automatically, so the
+          parameter is optional.
+
+          @return @c true in case of success. If @c false is returned,
+          the symbol table was not read and the evaluation cannot be
+          done. Printing then only prints the raw addresses, without
+          file, line nmber information and method names.
+
+          @note This method must be executed once before a stack trace
+          is printed the very first time. For storing a stack trace
+          (that means for the creation of a mrw::StackTrace object) a
+          call to this method is not yet needed.
+
+          @note If this method is called more than once, the symbols
+          are created only the first time, so you don't loose too much
+          time.
+       */
+      static bool createSymtable(std::string = "") throw(std::bad_exception);
+    private:
+      //............................................................... typedefs
+      typedef std::map<bfd_vma, std::pair<bfd_vma, asection*> >
+        Translator;
+      //.............................................................. variables
+      AddressTrace _trace;
+      static std::auto_ptr<Translator> _dic;
+      static std::vector<Translator::key_type> _addrs;
+      static AutoBfd _bfd;
+      static std::auto_ptr<asymbol*> _syms;
+      //................................................................ methods
+      static std::string filename() throw(std::bad_exception);
+      static void buildSectionMap(bfd*, asection*, void*)
+        throw(std::bad_exception);
+  };
+
+  /// evaluate a stack trace and shift it on a stream
+  inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const StackTrace& st)
+    throw(std::bad_exception) {
+    return os<<(std::string)st;
+  }
+
+  //@}
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/mrw/stacktrace_test.cpp b/mrw/stacktrace_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd9f809
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/stacktrace_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#include <mrw/stacktrace.hpp>
+#include <cppunit/TestFixture.h>
+#include <cppunit/ui/text/TestRunner.h>
+#include <cppunit/extensions/HelperMacros.h>
+#include <cppunit/extensions/TestFactoryRegistry.h>
+#include <iostream>
+
+class StackTraceTest: public CppUnit::TestFixture { 
+public:
+  /// test if symbols are correctely evaluated
+  void StackTrace() {
+    mrw::StackTrace::createSymtable();
+    mrw::StackTrace s; int l(__LINE__); std::string f(__FILE__);
+    std::stringstream ss;
+    ss<<f<<':'<<l;
+    std::string st(s);
+    int pos(st.find(ss.str()));
+    std::cout<<st<<std::endl;
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(pos<st.size());
+    CPPUNIT_ASSERT(st.find("mrw::StackTrace::StackTrace()", pos)<st.size());
+  }
+  CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE(StackTraceTest);
+  CPPUNIT_TEST(StackTrace);
+  CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_END();
+};
+CPPUNIT_TEST_SUITE_REGISTRATION(StackTraceTest);
+
+int main() {
+  CppUnit::TextUi::TestRunner runner;
+  runner.addTest(CppUnit::TestFactoryRegistry::getRegistry().makeTest());
+  return runner.run() ? 0 : 1;
+}
diff --git a/mrw/test.dat b/mrw/test.dat
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a92550c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/test.dat
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hallo Welt
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/mrw/unistd.hpp b/mrw/unistd.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d5f8fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mrw/unistd.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#ifndef __MRW_UNISTD_HPP__
+#define __MRW_UNISTD_HPP__
+
+#include <unistd.h> // pipe, close
+#include <errno.h> // errno
+
+namespace mrw {
+  /** @addtogroup AutoTools */
+  //@{
+  
+  /// class that implements an unnamed UNIX pipe
+  /** Implements a UNIX pipe that is automatically closed in
+      destructor and offers some facilities. */
+  class pipe {
+  private:
+    /// the filedescriptor, [0] to read and [1] to write
+    int _fd[2];
+    int _lastError;
+  public:
+    /// creates a unix pipe
+    pipe(): _lastError(-1) {
+      _fd[0] = -1;
+      _fd[1] = -1;
+      if (::pipe(_fd)==-1)
+        {
+          _lastError=errno;
+        }
+    }
+    /// destructor closes pipe if still open
+    ~pipe() {
+      close();
+    }
+    /// closes pipe if open
+    void close() {
+      close_in();
+      close_out();
+    }
+    /// closes input pipe if open
+    void close_in() {
+      if (_fd[0]!=-1) while (::close(_fd[0])==-1) if (errno!=EINTR) {
+        _lastError = errno;
+        break;
+      }
+      _fd[0] = -1;
+    }
+    /// closes output pipe if open
+    void close_out() {
+      if (_fd[1]!=-1) while (::close(_fd[1])==-1) if (errno!=EINTR) {
+        _lastError = errno;
+        break;
+      }
+      _fd[1] = -1;
+    }
+    /// @return true if no error occured
+    operator bool() {
+      return _lastError == -1;
+    }
+    /// @return last error code, -1 if no error
+    int error() {
+      return _lastError;
+    }
+    /// connect output stream to @c stdout
+    void connect_cout() {
+      while (::dup2(_fd[1], 1)==-1) if (errno!=EINTR) {
+        _lastError = errno;
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+    /// connect output stream to @c stderr
+    void connect_cerr() {
+      while (::dup2(_fd[1], 2)==-1) if (errno!=EINTR) {
+        _lastError = errno;
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+    /// get an input stream
+    /** @return stream to read from
+        @note invalid after destruction or @c close or @c close_in */
+    int istream() {
+      return _fd[0];
+    }
+    /// get an output stream
+    /** @return stream to write to
+        @note invalid after destruction or @c close or @c close_out */
+    int ostream() {
+      return _fd[1];
+    }
+  };
+
+  //@}
+  
+}
+#endif